Cell Selection for Wireless Communications

ABSTRACT

A wireless device may communicate with a base station via a cell. A cell may be selected for wireless communications based on having a configuration that is capable of serving certain wireless resources associated with a wireless device. A wireless device may select a cell that comprises a communication link supporting certain wireless resources that may be required for use by the wireless device.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/976,046, filed on Feb. 13, 2020. The above-referenced application ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

Wireless devices communicate with the network and/or base stations viacells. Wireless devices perform cell selection for communication via oneor more cells.

SUMMARY

The following summary presents a simplified summary of certain features.The summary is not an extensive overview and is not intended to identifykey or critical elements.

A cell may be determined/selected for wireless communications based onone or more criteria, such as a quality of a received signal (e.g.,received power) and/or a configuration (e.g., frequency range(s) of thecell and/or of the base station). A wireless device may communicateusing certain wireless resources (e.g., network slice(s) and/or anyother wireless resources) that may require a particular configuration ofa cell (e.g., frequency range(s)) of communication link(s) in the cell).Cell selection based on only a quality of a received signal (e.g.,received power) may lead to a wireless device selecting a cell that doesnot sufficiently serve a particular requirement of the wireless device.Cell selection may be improved by determining whether a cell has aconfiguration that is capable of serving certain wireless resourcesassociated with a wireless device before that cell is selected. Forexample, a wireless device may select a cell based on whether acommunication link in the cell (e.g., a normal uplink, a supplementaryuplink, a downlink, and/or any other link) has a configuration (e.g.,operates within certain frequency range(s)) that supports use of certainwireless resources (e.g., network slices(s) and/or any other wirelessresources) that may be required for use by the wireless device, such asfor a particular service or communication.

These and other features and advantages are described in greater detailbelow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some features are shown by way of example, and not by limitation, in theaccompanying drawings. In the drawings, like numerals reference similarelements.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B show example communication networks.

FIG. 2A shows an example user plane.

FIG. 2B shows an example control plane configuration.

FIG. 3 shows example of protocol layers.

FIG. 4A shows an example downlink data flow for a user planeconfiguration.

FIG. 4B shows an example format of a Medium Access Control (MAC)subheader in a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU).

FIG. 5A shows an example mapping for downlink channels.

FIG. 5B shows an example mapping for uplink channels.

FIG. 6 shows example radio resource control (RRC) states and RRC statetransitions.

FIG. 7 shows an example configuration of a frame.

FIG. 8 shows an example resource configuration of one or more carriers.

FIG. 9 shows an example configuration of bandwidth parts (BWPs).

FIG. 10A shows example carrier aggregation configurations based oncomponent carriers.

FIG. 10B shows example group of cells.

FIG. 11A shows an example mapping of one or more synchronizationsignal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) blocks.

FIG. 11B shows an example mapping of one or more channel stateinformation reference signals (CSI-RSs).

FIG. 12A shows examples of downlink beam management procedures.

FIG. 12B shows examples of uplink beam management procedures.

FIG. 13A shows an example four-step random access procedure.

FIG. 13B shows an example two-step random access procedure.

FIG. 13C shows an example two-step random access procedure.

FIG. 14A shows an example of control resource set (CORESET)configurations.

FIG. 14B shows an example of a control channel element to resourceelement group (CCE-to-REG) mapping.

FIG. 15A shows an example of communications between a wireless deviceand a base station.

FIG. 15B shows example elements of a computing device that may be usedto implement any of the various devices described herein.

FIG. 16A, FIG. 16B, FIG. 16C, and FIG. 16D show examples of uplink anddownlink signal transmission.

FIG. 17 shows an example of frequency ranges for wireless resources(e.g., network slices).

FIG. 18 shows an example of frequency ranges for cells and wirelessresources (e.g., network slices).

FIG. 19 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device.

FIG. 20 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device.

FIG. 21 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device.

FIG. 22 shows an example method for cell selection.

FIG. 23 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device.

FIG. 24 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device.

FIG. 25 shows an example method for cell selection.

FIG. 26 shows an example method for cell selection.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The accompanying drawings and descriptions provide examples. It is to beunderstood that the examples shown in the drawings and/or described arenon-exclusive, and that features shown and described may be practiced inother examples. Examples are provided for operation of wirelesscommunication systems, which may be used in the technical field ofmulticarrier communication systems. More particularly, the technologydisclosed herein may relate to cell selection for wirelesscommunications.

FIG. 1A shows an example communication network 100. The communicationnetwork 100 may comprise a mobile communication network). Thecommunication network 100 may comprise, for example, a public landmobile network (PLMN) operated/managed/run by a network operator. Thecommunication network 100 may comprise one or more of a core network(CN) 102, a radio access network (RAN) 104, and/or a wireless device106. The communication network 100 may comprise, and/or a device withinthe communication network 100 may communicate with (e.g., via CN 102),one or more data networks (DN(s)) 108. The wireless device 106 maycommunicate with one or more DNs 108, such as public DNs (e.g., theInternet), private DNs, and/or intra-operator DNs. The wireless device106 may communicate with the one or more DNs 108 via the RAN 104 and/orvia the CN 102. The CN 102 may provide/configure the wireless device 106with one or more interfaces to the one or more DNs 108. As part of theinterface functionality, the CN 102 may set up end-to-end connectionsbetween the wireless device 106 and the one or more DNs 108,authenticate the wireless device 106, provide/configure chargingfunctionality, etc.

The wireless device 106 may communicate with the RAN 104 via radiocommunications over an air interface. The RAN 104 may communicate withthe CN 102 via various communications (e.g., wired communications and/orwireless communications). The wireless device 106 may establish aconnection with the CN 102 via the RAN 104. The RAN 104 mayprovide/configure scheduling, radio resource management, and/orretransmission protocols, for example, as part of the radiocommunications. The communication direction from the RAN 104 to thewireless device 106 over/via the air interface may be referred to as thedownlink and/or downlink communication direction. The communicationdirection from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 over/via the airinterface may be referred to as the uplink and/or uplink communicationdirection. Downlink transmissions may be separated and/or distinguishedfrom uplink transmissions, for example, based on at least one of:frequency division duplexing (FDD), time-division duplexing (TDD), anyother duplexing schemes, and/or one or more combinations thereof.

As used throughout, the term “wireless device” may comprise one or moreof: a mobile device, a fixed (e.g., non-mobile) device for whichwireless communication is configured or usable, a computing device, anode, a device capable of wirelessly communicating, or any other devicecapable of sending and/or receiving signals. As non-limiting examples, awireless device may comprise, for example: a telephone, a cellularphone, a Wi-Fi phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a computer, a laptop, asensor, a meter, a wearable device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device,a hotspot, a cellular repeater, a vehicle road side unit (RSU), a relaynode, an automobile, a wireless user device (e.g., user equipment (UE),a user terminal (UT), etc.), an access terminal (AT), a mobile station,a handset, a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), a wirelesscommunication device, and/or any combination thereof.

The RAN 104 may comprise one or more base stations (not shown). As usedthroughout, the term “base station” may comprise one or more of: a basestation, a node, a Node B (NB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a gNB, anng-eNB, a relay node (e.g., an integrated access and backhaul (IAB)node), a donor node (e.g., a donor eNB, a donor gNB, etc.), an accesspoint (e.g., a Wi-Fi access point), a transmission and reception point(TRP), a computing device, a device capable of wirelessly communicating,or any other device capable of sending and/or receiving signals. A basestation may comprise one or more of each element listed above. Forexample, a base station may comprise one or more TRPs. As othernon-limiting examples, a base station may comprise for example, one ormore of: a Node B (e.g., associated with Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS) and/or third-generation (3G)standards), an Evolved Node B (eNB) (e.g., associated withEvolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and/orfourth-generation (4G) standards), a remote radio head (RRH), a basebandprocessing unit coupled to one or more remote radio heads (RRHs), arepeater node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a donornode, a Next Generation Evolved Node B (ng-eNB), a Generation Node B(gNB) (e.g., associated with NR and/or fifth-generation (5G) standards),an access point (AP) (e.g., associated with, for example, Wi-Fi or anyother suitable wireless communication standard), any other generationbase station, and/or any combination thereof. A base station maycomprise one or more devices, such as at least one base station centraldevice (e.g., a gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU)) and at least one base stationdistributed device (e.g., a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU)).

A base station (e.g., in the RAN 104) may comprise one or more sets ofantennas for communicating with the wireless device 106 wirelessly(e.g., via an over the air interface). One or more base stations maycomprise sets (e.g., three sets or any other quantity of sets) ofantennas to respectively control multiple cells or sectors (e.g., threecells, three sectors, any other quantity of cells, or any other quantityof sectors). The size of a cell may be determined by a range at which areceiver (e.g., a base station receiver) may successfully receivetransmissions from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter)operating in the cell. One or more cells of base stations (e.g., byalone or in combination with other cells) may provide/configure a radiocoverage to the wireless device 106 over a wide geographic area tosupport wireless device mobility. A base station comprising threesectors (e.g., or n-sector, where n refers to any quantity n) may bereferred to as a three-sector site (e.g., or an n-sector site) or athree-sector base station (e.g., an n-sector base station).

One or more base stations (e.g., in the RAN 104) may be implemented as asectored site with more or less than three sectors. One or more basestations of the RAN 104 may be implemented as an access point, as abaseband processing device/unit coupled to several RRHs, and/or as arepeater or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a node (e.g.,a donor node). A baseband processing device/unit coupled to RRHs may bepart of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, for example, where thebaseband processing device/unit may be centralized in a pool of basebandprocessing devices/units or virtualized. A repeater node may amplify andsend (e.g., transmit, retransmit, rebroadcast, etc.) a radio signalreceived from a donor node. A relay node may perform the substantiallythe same/similar functions as a repeater node. The relay node may decodethe radio signal received from the donor node, for example, to removenoise before amplifying and sending the radio signal.

The RAN 104 may be deployed as a homogenous network of base stations(e.g., macrocell base stations) that have similar antenna patternsand/or similar high-level transmit powers. The RAN 104 may be deployedas a heterogeneous network of base stations (e.g., different basestations that have different antenna patterns). In heterogeneousnetworks, small cell base stations may be used to provide/configuresmall coverage areas, for example, coverage areas that overlap withcomparatively larger coverage areas provided/configured by other basestations (e.g., macrocell base stations). The small coverage areas maybe provided/configured in areas with high data traffic (or so-called“hotspots”) or in areas with a weak macrocell coverage. Examples ofsmall cell base stations may comprise, in order of decreasing coveragearea, microcell base stations, picocell base stations, and femtocellbase stations or home base stations.

Examples described herein may be used in a variety of types ofcommunications. For example, communications may be in accordance withthe Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (e.g., one or morenetwork elements similar to those of the communication network 100),communications in accordance with Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE), communications in accordance withInternational Telecommunication Union (ITU), communications inaccordance with International Organization for Standardization (ISO),etc. The 3GPP has produced specifications for multiple generations ofmobile networks: a 3G network known as UMTS, a 4G network known asLong-Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced (LTE-A), and a 5G networkknown as 5G System (5GS) and NR system. 3GPP may produce specificationsfor additional generations of communication networks (e.g., 6G and/orany other generation of communication network). Examples may bedescribed with reference to one or more elements (e.g., the RAN) of a3GPP 5G network, referred to as a next-generation RAN (NG-RAN), or anyother communication network, such as a 3GPP network and/or a non-3GPPnetwork. Examples described herein may be applicable to othercommunication networks, such as 3G and/or 4G networks, and communicationnetworks that may not yet be finalized/specified (e.g., a 3GPP 6Gnetwork), satellite communication networks, and/or any othercommunication network. NG-RAN implements and updates 5G radio accesstechnology referred to as NR and may be provisioned to implement 4Gradio access technology and/or other radio access technologies, such asother 3GPP and/or non-3GPP radio access technologies.

FIG. 1B shows an example communication network 150. The communicationnetwork may comprise a mobile communication network. The communicationnetwork 150 may comprise, for example, a PLMN operated/managed/run by anetwork operator. The communication network 150 may comprise one or moreof: a CN 152 (e.g., a 5G core network (5G-CN)), a RAN 154 (e.g., anNG-RAN), and/or wireless devices 156A and 156B (collectively wirelessdevice(s) 156). The communication network 150 may comprise, and/or adevice within the communication network 150 may communicate with (e.g.,via CN 152), one or more data networks (DN(s)) 170. These components maybe implemented and operate in substantially the same or similar manneras corresponding components described with respect to FIG. 1A.

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may provide/configure the wireless device(s)156 with one or more interfaces to one or more DNs 170, such as publicDNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and/or intra-operator DNs. Aspart of the interface functionality, the CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may set upend-to-end connections between the wireless device(s) 156 and the one ormore DNs, authenticate the wireless device(s) 156, and/orprovide/configure charging functionality. The CN 152 (e.g., the 5G-CN)may be a service-based architecture, which may differ from other CNs(e.g., such as a 3GPP 4G CN). The architecture of nodes of the CN 152(e.g., 5G-CN) may be defined as network functions that offer servicesvia interfaces to other network functions. The network functions of theCN 152 (e.g., 5G CN) may be implemented in several ways, for example, asnetwork elements on dedicated or shared hardware, as software instancesrunning on dedicated or shared hardware, and/or as virtualized functionsinstantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may comprise an Access and Mobility ManagementFunction (AMF) device 158A and/or a User Plane Function (UPF) device158B, which may be separate components or one component AMF/UPF device158. The UPF device 158B may serve as a gateway between a RAN 154 (e.g.,NG-RAN) and the one or more DNs 170. The UPF device 158B may performfunctions, such as: packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection anduser plane policy rule enforcement, traffic usage reporting, uplinkclassification to support routing of traffic flows to the one or moreDNs 170, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g.,packet filtering, gating, uplink/downlink rate enforcement, and uplinktraffic verification), downlink packet buffering, and/or downlink datanotification triggering. The UPF device 158B may serve as an anchorpoint for intra-/inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, anexternal protocol (or packet) data unit (PDU) session point ofinterconnect to the one or more DNs, and/or a branching point to supporta multi-homed PDU session. The wireless device(s) 156 may be configuredto receive services via a PDU session, which may be a logical connectionbetween a wireless device and a DN.

The AMF device 158A may perform functions, such as: Non-Access Stratum(NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, Access Stratum (AS)security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between accessnetworks (e.g., 3GPP access networks and/or non-3GPP networks), idlemode wireless device reachability (e.g., idle mode UE reachability forcontrol and execution of paging retransmission), registration areamanagement, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, accessauthentication, access authorization including checking of roamingrights, mobility management control (e.g., subscription and policies),network slicing support, and/or session management function (SMF)selection. NAS may refer to the functionality operating between a CN anda wireless device, and AS may refer to the functionality operatingbetween a wireless device and a RAN.

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may comprise one or more additional networkfunctions that may not be shown in FIG. 1B. The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) maycomprise one or more devices implementing at least one of: a SessionManagement Function (SMF), an NR Repository Function (NRF), a PolicyControl Function (PCF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a UnifiedData Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), an AuthenticationServer Function (AUSF), and/or any other function.

The RAN 154 (e.g., NG-RAN) may communicate with the wireless device(s)156 via radio communications (e.g., an over the air interface). Thewireless device(s) 156 may communicate with the CN 152 via the RAN 154.The RAN 154 (e.g., NG-RAN) may comprise one or more first-type basestations (e.g., gNBs comprising a gNB 160A and a gNB 160B (collectivelygNBs 160)) and/or one or more second-type base stations (e.g., ng eNBscomprising an ng-eNB 162A and an ng-eNB 162B (collectively ng eNBs162)). The RAN 154 may comprise one or more of any quantity of types ofbase station. The gNBs 160 and ng eNBs 162 may be referred to as basestations. The base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and ng eNBs 162) maycomprise one or more sets of antennas for communicating with thewireless device(s) 156 wirelessly (e.g., an over an air interface). Oneor more base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng eNBs 162) maycomprise multiple sets of antennas to respectively control multiplecells (or sectors). The cells of the base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160and the ng-eNBs 162) may provide a radio coverage to the wirelessdevice(s) 156 over a wide geographic area to support wireless devicemobility.

The base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng-eNBs 162) may beconnected to the CN 152 (e.g., 5G CN) via a first interface (e.g., an NGinterface) and to other base stations via a second interface (e.g., anXn interface). The NG and Xn interfaces may be established using directphysical connections and/or indirect connections over an underlyingtransport network, such as an internet protocol (IP) transport network.The base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng-eNBs 162) maycommunicate with the wireless device(s) 156 via a third interface (e.g.,a Uu interface). A base station (e.g., the gNB 160A) may communicatewith the wireless device 156A via a Uu interface. The NG, Xn, and Uuinterfaces may be associated with a protocol stack. The protocol stacksassociated with the interfaces may be used by the network elements shownin FIG. 1B to exchange data and signaling messages. The protocol stacksmay comprise two planes: a user plane and a control plane. Any otherquantity of planes may be used (e.g., in a protocol stack). The userplane may handle data of interest to a user. The control plane mayhandle signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

One or more base stations (e.g., the gNBs 160 and/or the ng-eNBs 162)may communicate with one or more AMF/UPF devices, such as the AMF/UPF158, via one or more interfaces (e.g., NG interfaces). A base station(e.g., the gNB 160A) may be in communication with, and/or connected to,the UPF 158B of the AMF/UPF 158 via an NG-User plane (NG-U) interface.The NG-U interface may provide/perform delivery (e.g., non-guaranteeddelivery) of user plane PDUs between a base station (e.g., the gNB 160A)and a UPF device (e.g., the UPF 158B). The base station (e.g., the gNB160A) may be in communication with, and/or connected to, an AMF device(e.g., the AMF 158A) via an NG-Control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-Cinterface may provide/perform, for example, NG interface management,wireless device context management (e.g., UE context management),wireless device mobility management (e.g., UE mobility management),transport of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, configurationtransfer, and/or warning message transmission.

A wireless device may access the base station, via an interface (e.g.,Uu interface), for the user plane configuration and the control planeconfiguration. The base stations (e.g., gNBs 160) may provide user planeand control plane protocol terminations towards the wireless device(s)156 via the Uu interface. A base station (e.g., the gNB 160A) mayprovide user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward thewireless device 156A over a Uu interface associated with a firstprotocol stack. A base station (e.g., the ng-eNBs 162) may provideEvolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E UTRA) user plane and controlplane protocol terminations towards the wireless device(s) 156 via a Uuinterface (e.g., where E UTRA may refer to the 3GPP 4G radio-accesstechnology). A base station (e.g., the ng-eNB 162B) may provide E UTRAuser plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the wirelessdevice 156B via a Uu interface associated with a second protocol stack.The user plane and control plane protocol terminations may comprise, forexample, NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations, 4G userplane and control plane protocol terminations, etc.

The CN 152 (e.g., 5G-CN) may be configured to handle one or more radioaccesses (e.g., NR, 4G, and/or any other radio accesses). It may also bepossible for an NR network/device (or any first network/device) toconnect to a 4G core network/device (or any second network/device) in anon-standalone mode (e.g., non-standalone operation). In anon-standalone mode/operation, a 4G core network may be used to provide(or at least support) control-plane functionality (e.g., initial access,mobility, and/or paging). Although only one AMF/UPF 158 is shown in FIG.1B, one or more base stations (e.g., one or more gNBs and/or one or moreng-eNBs) may be connected to multiple AMF/UPF nodes, for example, toprovide redundancy and/or to load share across the multiple AMF/UPFnodes.

An interface (e.g., Uu, Xn, and/or NG interfaces) between networkelements (e.g., the network elements shown in FIG. 1B) may be associatedwith a protocol stack that the network elements may use to exchange dataand signaling messages. A protocol stack may comprise two planes: a userplane and a control plane. Any other quantity of planes may be used(e.g., in a protocol stack). The user plane may handle data associatedwith a user (e.g., data of interest to a user). The control plane mayhandle data associated with one or more network elements (e.g.,signaling messages of interest to the network elements).

The communication network 100 in FIG. 1A and/or the communicationnetwork 150 in FIG. 1B may comprise any quantity/number and/or type ofdevices, such as, for example, computing devices, wireless devices,mobile devices, handsets, tablets, laptops, internet of things (IoT)devices, hotspots, cellular repeaters, computing devices, and/or, moregenerally, user equipment (e.g., UE). Although one or more of the abovetypes of devices may be referenced herein (e.g., UE, wireless device,computing device, etc.), it should be understood that any device hereinmay comprise any one or more of the above types of devices or similardevices. The communication network, and any other network referencedherein, may comprise an LTE network, a 5G network, a satellite network,and/or any other network for wireless communications (e.g., any 3GPPnetwork and/or any non-3GPP network). Apparatuses, systems, and/ormethods described herein may generally be described as implemented onone or more devices (e.g., wireless device, base station, eNB, gNB,computing device, etc.), in one or more networks, but it will beunderstood that one or more features and steps may be implemented on anydevice and/or in any network.

FIG. 2A shows an example user plane configuration. The user planeconfiguration may comprise, for example, an NR user plane protocolstack. FIG. 2B shows an example control plane configuration. The controlplane configuration may comprise, for example, an NR control planeprotocol stack. One or more of the user plane configuration and/or thecontrol plane configuration may use a Uu interface that may be between awireless device 210 and a base station 220. The protocol stacks shown inFIG. 2A and FIG. 2B may be substantially the same or similar to thoseused for the Uu interface between, for example, the wireless device 156Aand the base station 160A shown in FIG. 1B.

A user plane configuration (e.g., an NR user plane protocol stack) maycomprise multiple layers (e.g., five layers or any other quantity oflayers) implemented in the wireless device 210 and the base station 220(e.g., as shown in FIG. 2A). At the bottom of the protocol stack,physical layers (PHYs) 211 and 221 may provide transport services to thehigher layers of the protocol stack and may correspond to layer 1 of theOpen Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The protocol layers above PHY211 may comprise a medium access control layer (MAC) 212, a radio linkcontrol layer (RLC) 213, a packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP)214, and/or a service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215. Theprotocol layers above PHY 221 may comprise a medium access control layer(MAC) 222, a radio link control layer (RLC) 223, a packet dataconvergence protocol layer (PDCP) 224, and/or a service data applicationprotocol layer (SDAP) 225. One or more of the four protocol layers abovePHY 211 may correspond to layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSImodel. One or more of the four protocol layers above PHY 221 maycorrespond to layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSI model.

FIG. 3 shows an example of protocol layers. The protocol layers maycomprise, for example, protocol layers of the NR user plane protocolstack. One or more services may be provided between protocol layers.SDAPs (e.g., SDAPS 215 and 225 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3) may performQuality of Service (QoS) flow handling. A wireless device (e.g., thewireless devices 106, 156A, 156B, and 210) may receive servicesthrough/via a PDU session, which may be a logical connection between thewireless device and a DN. The PDU session may have one or more QoS flows310. A UPF (e.g., the UPF 158B) of a CN may map IP packets to the one ormore QoS flows of the PDU session, for example, based on one or more QoSrequirements (e.g., in terms of delay, data rate, error rate, and/or anyother quality/service requirement). The SDAPs 215 and 225 may performmapping/de-mapping between the one or more QoS flows 310 and one or moreradio bearers 320 (e.g., data radio bearers). The mapping/de-mappingbetween the one or more QoS flows 310 and the radio bearers 320 may bedetermined by the SDAP 225 of the base station 220. The SDAP 215 of thewireless device 210 may be informed of the mapping between the QoS flows310 and the radio bearers 320 via reflective mapping and/or controlsignaling received from the base station 220. For reflective mapping,the SDAP 225 of the base station 220 may mark the downlink packets witha QoS flow indicator (QFI), which may bemonitored/detected/identified/indicated/observed by the SDAP 215 of thewireless device 210 to determine the mapping/de-mapping between the oneor more QoS flows 310 and the radio bearers 320.

PDCPs (e.g., the PDCPs 214 and 224 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3) mayperform header compression/decompression, for example, to reduce theamount of data that may need to be transmitted over the air interface,ciphering/deciphering to prevent unauthorized decoding of datatransmitted over the air interface, and/or integrity protection (e.g.,to ensure control messages originate from intended sources). The PDCPs214 and 224 may perform retransmissions of undelivered packets,in-sequence delivery and reordering of packets, and/or removal ofpackets received in duplicate due to, for example, a handover (e.g., anintra-gNB handover). The PDCPs 214 and 224 may perform packetduplication, for example, to improve the likelihood of the packet beingreceived. A receiver may receive the packet in duplicate and may removeany duplicate packets. Packet duplication may be useful for certainservices, such as services that require high reliability.

The PDCP layers (e.g., PDCPs 214 and 224) may perform mapping/de-mappingbetween a split radio bearer and RLC channels (e.g., RLC channels 330)(e.g., in a dual connectivity scenario/configuration). Dual connectivitymay refer to a technique that allows a wireless device to communicatewith multiple cells (e.g., two cells) or, more generally, multiple cellgroups comprising: a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group(SCG). A split bearer may be configured and/or used, for example, if asingle radio bearer (e.g., such as one of the radio bearersprovided/configured by the PDCPs 214 and 224 as a service to the SDAPs215 and 225) is handled by cell groups in dual connectivity. The PDCPs214 and 224 may map/de-map between the split radio bearer and RLCchannels 330 belonging to the cell groups.

RLC layers (e.g., RLCs 213 and 223) may perform segmentation,retransmission via Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), and/or removal ofduplicate data units received from MAC layers (e.g., MACs 212 and 222,respectively). The RLC layers (e.g., RLCs 213 and 223) may supportmultiple transmission modes (e.g., three transmission modes: transparentmode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM)). TheRLC layers may perform one or more of the noted functions, for example,based on the transmission mode an RLC layer is operating. The RLCconfiguration may be per logical channel. The RLC configuration may notdepend on numerologies and/or Transmission Time Interval (TTI) durations(or other durations). The RLC layers (e.g., RLCs 213 and 223) mayprovide/configure RLC channels as a service to the PDCP layers (e.g.,PDCPs 214 and 224, respectively), such as shown in FIG. 3.

The MAC layers (e.g., MACs 212 and 222) may performmultiplexing/demultiplexing of logical channels and/or mapping betweenlogical channels and transport channels. The multiplexing/demultiplexingmay comprise multiplexing/demultiplexing of data units/data portions,belonging to the one or more logical channels, into/from TransportBlocks (TBs) delivered to/from the PHY layers (e.g., PHYs 211 and 221,respectively). The MAC layer of a base station (e.g., MAC 222) may beconfigured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting,and/or priority handling between wireless devices via dynamicscheduling. Scheduling may be performed by a base station (e.g., thebase station 220 at the MAC 222) for downlink/or and uplink. The MAClayers (e.g., MACs 212 and 222) may be configured to perform errorcorrection(s) via Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQentity per carrier in case of Carrier Aggregation (CA)), priorityhandling between logical channels of the wireless device 210 via logicalchannel prioritization and/or padding. The MAC layers (e.g., MACs 212and 222) may support one or more numerologies and/or transmissiontimings. Mapping restrictions in a logical channel prioritization maycontrol which numerology and/or transmission timing a logical channelmay use. The MAC layers (e.g., the MACs 212 and 222) mayprovide/configure logical channels 340 as a service to the RLC layers(e.g., the RLCs 213 and 223).

The PHY layers (e.g., PHYs 211 and 221) may perform mapping of transportchannels to physical channels and/or digital and analog signalprocessing functions, for example, for sending and/or receivinginformation (e.g., via an over the air interface). The digital and/oranalog signal processing functions may comprise, for example,coding/decoding and/or modulation/demodulation. The PHY layers (e.g.,PHYs 211 and 221) may perform multi-antenna mapping. The PHY layers(e.g., the PHYs 211 and 221) may provide/configure one or more transportchannels (e.g., transport channels 350) as a service to the MAC layers(e.g., the MACs 212 and 222, respectively).

FIG. 4A shows an example downlink data flow for a user planeconfiguration. The user plane configuration may comprise, for example,the NR user plane protocol stack shown in FIG. 2A. One or more TBs maybe generated, for example, based on a data flow via a user planeprotocol stack. As shown in FIG. 4A, a downlink data flow of three IPpackets (n, n+1, and m) via the NR user plane protocol stack maygenerate two TBs (e.g., at the base station 220). An uplink data flowvia the NR user plane protocol stack may be similar to the downlink dataflow shown in FIG. 4A. The three IP packets (n, n+1, and m) may bedetermined from the two TBs, for example, based on the uplink data flowvia an NR user plane protocol stack. A first quantity of packets (e.g.,three or any other quantity) may be determined from a second quantity ofTBs (e.g., two or another quantity).

The downlink data flow may begin, for example, if the SDAP 225 receivesthe three IP packets (or other quantity of IP packets) from one or moreQoS flows and maps the three packets (or other quantity of packets) toradio bearers (e.g., radio bearers 402 and 404). The SDAP 225 may mapthe IP packets n and n+1 to a first radio bearer 402 and map the IPpacket m to a second radio bearer 404. An SDAP header (labeled with “H”preceding each SDAP SDU shown in FIG. 4A) may be added to an IP packetto generate an SDAP PDU, which may be referred to as a PDCP SDU. Thedata unit transferred from/to a higher protocol layer may be referred toas a service data unit (SDU) of the lower protocol layer, and the dataunit transferred to/from a lower protocol layer may be referred to as aprotocol data unit (PDU) of the higher protocol layer. As shown in FIG.4A, the data unit from the SDAP 225 may be an SDU of lower protocollayer PDCP 224 (e.g., PDCP SDU) and may be a PDU of the SDAP 225 (e.g.,SDAP PDU).

Each protocol layer (e.g., protocol layers shown in FIG. 4A) or at leastsome protocol layers may: perform its own function(s) (e.g., one or morefunctions of each protocol layer described with respect to FIG. 3), adda corresponding header, and/or forward a respective output to the nextlower layer (e.g., its respective lower layer). The PDCP 224 may performan IP-header compression and/or ciphering. The PDCP 224 may forward itsoutput (e.g., a PDCP PDU, which is an RLC SDU) to the RLC 223. The RLC223 may optionally perform segmentation (e.g., as shown for IP packet min FIG. 4A). The RLC 223 may forward its outputs (e.g., two RLC PDUs,which are two MAC SDUs, generated by adding respective subheaders to twoSDU segments (SDU Segs)) to the MAC 222. The MAC 222 may multiplex anumber of RLC PDUs (MAC SDUs). The MAC 222 may attach a MAC subheader toan RLC PDU (MAC SDU) to form a TB. The MAC subheaders may be distributedacross the MAC PDU (e.g., in an NR configuration as shown in FIG. 4A).The MAC subheaders may be entirely located at the beginning of a MAC PDU(e.g., in an LTE configuration). The NR MAC PDU structure may reduce aprocessing time and/or associated latency, for example, if the MAC PDUsubheaders are computed before assembling the full MAC PDU.

FIG. 4B shows an example format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU. A MACPDU may comprise a MAC subheader (H) and a MAC SDU. Each of one or moreMAC subheaders may comprise an SDU length field for indicating thelength (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheadercorresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field foridentifying/indicating the logical channel from which the MAC SDUoriginated to aid in the demultiplexing process; a flag (F) forindicating the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R)field for future use.

One or more MAC control elements (CEs) may be added to, or insertedinto, the MAC PDU by a MAC layer, such as MAC 223 or MAC 222. As shownin FIG. 4B, two MAC CEs may be inserted/added before two MAC PDUs. TheMAC CEs may be inserted/added at the beginning of a MAC PDU for downlinktransmissions (as shown in FIG. 4B). One or more MAC CEs may beinserted/added at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmissions. MAC CEsmay be used for in band control signaling. Example MAC CEs may comprisescheduling-related MAC CEs, such as buffer status reports and powerheadroom reports; activation/deactivation MAC CEs (e.g., MAC CEs foractivation/deactivation of PDCP duplication detection, channel stateinformation (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS)transmission, and prior configured components); discontinuous reception(DRX)-related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access-relatedMAC CEs. A MAC CE may be preceded by a MAC subheader with a similarformat as described for the MAC subheader for MAC SDUs and may beidentified with a reserved value in the LCID field that indicates thetype of control information included in the corresponding MAC CE.

FIG. 5A shows an example mapping for downlink channels. The mapping foruplink channels may comprise mapping between channels (e.g., logicalchannels, transport channels, and physical channels) for downlink. FIG.5B shows an example mapping for uplink channels. The mapping for uplinkchannels may comprise mapping between channels (e.g., logical channels,transport channels, and physical channels) for uplink. Information maybe passed through/via channels between the RLC, the MAC, and the PHYlayers of a protocol stack (e.g., the NR protocol stack). A logicalchannel may be used between the RLC and the MAC layers. The logicalchannel may be classified/indicated as a control channel that may carrycontrol and/or configuration information (e.g., in the NR controlplane), or as a traffic channel that may carry data (e.g., in the NRuser plane). A logical channel may be classified/indicated as adedicated logical channel that may be dedicated to a specific wirelessdevice, and/or as a common logical channel that may be used by more thanone wireless device (e.g., a group of wireless device).

A logical channel may be defined by the type of information it carries.The set of logical channels (e.g., in an NR configuration) may compriseone or more channels described below. A paging control channel (PCCH)may comprise/carry one or more paging messages used to page a wirelessdevice whose location is not known to the network on a cell level. Abroadcast control channel (BCCH) may comprise/carry system informationmessages in the form of a master information block (MIB) and severalsystem information blocks (SIBs). The system information messages may beused by wireless devices to obtain information about how a cell isconfigured and how to operate within the cell. A common control channel(CCCH) may comprise/carry control messages together with random access.A dedicated control channel (DCCH) may comprise/carry control messagesto/from a specific wireless device to configure the wireless device withconfiguration information. A dedicated traffic channel (DTCH) maycomprise/carry user data to/from a specific wireless device.

Transport channels may be used between the MAC and PHY layers. Transportchannels may be defined by how the information they carry issent/transmitted (e.g., via an over the air interface). The set oftransport channels (e.g., that may be defined by an NR configuration orany other configuration) may comprise one or more of the followingchannels. A paging channel (PCH) may comprise/carry paging messages thatoriginated from the PCCH. A broadcast channel (BCH) may comprise/carrythe MIB from the BCCH. A downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) maycomprise/carry downlink data and signaling messages, including the SIBsfrom the BCCH. An uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) may comprise/carryuplink data and signaling messages. A random access channel (RACH) mayprovide a wireless device with an access to the network without anyprior scheduling.

The PHY layer may use physical channels to pass/transfer informationbetween processing levels of the PHY layer. A physical channel may havean associated set of time-frequency resources for carrying theinformation of one or more transport channels. The PHY layer maygenerate control information to support the low-level operation of thePHY layer. The PHY layer may provide/transfer the control information tothe lower levels of the PHY layer via physical control channels (e.g.,referred to as L1/L2 control channels). The set of physical channels andphysical control channels (e.g., that may be defined by an NRconfiguration or any other configuration) may comprise one or more ofthe following channels. A physical broadcast channel (PBCH) maycomprise/carry the MIB from the BCH. A physical downlink shared channel(PDSCH) may comprise/carry downlink data and signaling messages from theDL-SCH, as well as paging messages from the PCH. A physical downlinkcontrol channel (PDCCH) may comprise/carry downlink control information(DCI), which may comprise downlink scheduling commands, uplinkscheduling grants, and uplink power control commands A physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) may comprise/carry uplink data and signalingmessages from the UL-SCH and in some instances uplink controlinformation (UCI) as described below. A physical uplink control channel(PUCCH) may comprise/carry UCI, which may comprise HARQ acknowledgments,channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-coding matrix indicators (PMI),rank indicators (RI), and scheduling requests (SR). A physical randomaccess channel (PRACH) may be used for random access.

The physical layer may generate physical signals to support thelow-level operation of the physical layer, which may be similar to thephysical control channels. As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the physicallayer signals (e.g., that may be defined by an NR configuration or anyother configuration) may comprise primary synchronization signals (PSS),secondary synchronization signals (SSS), channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DM-RS),sounding reference signals (SRS), phase-tracking reference signals (PTRS), and/or any other signals.

One or more of the channels (e.g., logical channels, transport channels,physical channels, etc.) may be used to carry out functions associatedwith the control plan protocol stack (e.g., NR control plane protocolstack). FIG. 2B shows an example control plane configuration (e.g., anNR control plane protocol stack). As shown in FIG. 2B, the control planeconfiguration (e.g., the NR control plane protocol stack) may usesubstantially the same/similar one or more protocol layers (e.g., PHY211 and 221, MAC 212 and 222, RLC 213 and 223, and PDCP 214 and 224) asthe example user plane configuration (e.g., the NR user plane protocolstack). Similar four protocol layers may comprise the PHYs 211 and 221,the MACs 212 and 222, the RLCs 213 and 223, and the PDCPs 214 and 224.The control plane configuration (e.g., the NR control plane stack) mayhave radio resource controls (RRCs) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217and 237 at the top of the control plane configuration (e.g., the NRcontrol plane protocol stack), for example, instead of having the SDAPs215 and 225. The control plane configuration may comprise an AMF 230comprising the NAS protocol 237.

The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionalitybetween the wireless device 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., the AMF 158A orany other AMF) and/or, more generally, between the wireless device 210and a CN (e.g., the CN 152 or any other CN). The NAS protocols 217 and237 may provide control plane functionality between the wireless device210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages, referred to as NAS messages.There may be no direct path between the wireless device 210 and the AMF230 via which the NAS messages may be transported. The NAS messages maybe transported using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. The NASprotocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality, such asauthentication, security, a connection setup, mobility management,session management, and/or any other functionality.

The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide/configure control plane functionalitybetween the wireless device 210 and the base station 220 and/or, moregenerally, between the wireless device 210 and the RAN (e.g., the basestation 220). The RRC layers 216 and 226 may provide/configure controlplane functionality between the wireless device 210 and the base station220 via signaling messages, which may be referred to as RRC messages.The RRC messages may be transmitted between the wireless device 210 andthe RAN (e.g., the base station 220) using signaling radio bearers andthe same/similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. The MAC layermay multiplex control-plane and user-plane data into the same TB. TheRRC layers 216 and 226 may provide/configure control planefunctionality, such as one or more of the following functionalities:broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiatedby the CN or the RAN; establishment, maintenance and release of an RRCconnection between the wireless device 210 and the RAN (e.g., the basestation 220); security functions including key management;establishment, configuration, maintenance and release of signaling radiobearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS managementfunctions; wireless device measurement reporting (e.g., the wirelessdevice measurement reporting) and control of the reporting; detection ofand recovery from radio link failure (RLF); and/or NAS message transfer.As part of establishing an RRC connection, RRC layers 216 and 226 mayestablish an RRC context, which may involve configuring parameters forcommunication between the wireless device 210 and the RAN (e.g., thebase station 220).

FIG. 6 shows example RRC states and RRC state transitions. An RRC stateof a wireless device may be changed to another RRC state (e.g., RRCstate transitions of a wireless device). The wireless device may besubstantially the same or similar to the wireless device 106, 210, orany other wireless device. A wireless device may be in at least one of aplurality of states, such as three RRC states comprising RRC connected602 (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED), RRC idle 606 (e.g., RRC_IDLE), and RRCinactive 604 (e.g., RRC_INACTIVE). The RRC inactive 604 may be RRCconnected but inactive.

An RRC connection may be established for the wireless device. Forexample, this may be during an RRC connected state. During the RRCconnected state (e.g., during the RRC connected 602), the wirelessdevice may have an established RRC context and may have at least one RRCconnection with a base station. The base station may be similar to oneof the one or more base stations (e.g., one or more base stations of theRAN 104 shown in FIG. 1A, one of the gNBs 160 or ng-eNBs 162 shown inFIG. 1B, the base station 220 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, or any otherbase stations). The base station with which the wireless device isconnected (e.g., has established an RRC connection) may have the RRCcontext for the wireless device. The RRC context, which may be referredto as a wireless device context (e.g., the UE context), may compriseparameters for communication between the wireless device and the basestation. These parameters may comprise, for example, one or more of: AScontexts; radio link configuration parameters; bearer configurationinformation (e.g., relating to a data radio bearer, a signaling radiobearer, a logical channel, a QoS flow, and/or a PDU session); securityinformation; and/or layer configuration information (e.g., PHY, MAC,RLC, PDCP, and/or SDAP layer configuration information). During the RRCconnected state (e.g., the RRC connected 602), mobility of the wirelessdevice may be managed/controlled by an RAN (e.g., the RAN 104 or the NGRAN 154). The wireless device may measure received signal levels (e.g.,reference signal levels, reference signal received power, referencesignal received quality, received signal strength indicator, etc.) basedon one or more signals sent from a serving cell and neighboring cells.The wireless device may report these measurements to a serving basestation (e.g., the base station currently serving the wireless device).The serving base station of the wireless device may request a handoverto a cell of one of the neighboring base stations, for example, based onthe reported measurements. The RRC state may transition from the RRCconnected state (e.g., RRC connected 602) to an RRC idle state (e.g.,the RRC idle 606) via a connection release procedure 608. The RRC statemay transition from the RRC connected state (e.g., RRC connected 602) tothe RRC inactive state (e.g., RRC inactive 604) via a connectioninactivation procedure 610.

An RRC context may not be established for the wireless device. Forexample, this may be during the RRC idle state. During the RRC idlestate (e.g., the RRC idle 606), an RRC context may not be establishedfor the wireless device. During the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle606), the wireless device may not have an RRC connection with the basestation. During the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606), thewireless device may be in a sleep state for the majority of the time(e.g., to conserve battery power). The wireless device may wake upperiodically (e.g., once in every discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle)to monitor for paging messages (e.g., paging messages set from the RAN).Mobility of the wireless device may be managed by the wireless devicevia a procedure of a cell reselection. The RRC state may transition fromthe RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) to the RRC connected state(e.g., the RRC connected 602) via a connection establishment procedure612, which may involve a random access procedure.

A previously established RRC context may be maintained for the wirelessdevice. For example, this may be during the RRC inactive state. Duringthe RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604), the RRC contextpreviously established may be maintained in the wireless device and thebase station. The maintenance of the RRC context may enable/allow a fasttransition to the RRC connected state (e.g., the RRC connected 602) withreduced signaling overhead as compared to the transition from the RRCidle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) to the RRC connected state (e.g.,the RRC connected 602). During the RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRCinactive 604), the wireless device may be in a sleep state and mobilityof the wireless device may be managed/controlled by the wireless devicevia a cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from the RRCinactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604) to the RRC connected state(e.g., the RRC connected 602) via a connection resume procedure 614. TheRRC state may transition from the RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRCinactive 604) to the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) via aconnection release procedure 616 that may be the same as or similar toconnection release procedure 608.

An RRC state may be associated with a mobility management mechanism.During the RRC idle state (e.g., RRC idle 606) and the RRC inactivestate (e.g., the RRC inactive 604), mobility may be managed/controlledby the wireless device via a cell reselection. The purpose of mobilitymanagement during the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) or duringthe RRC inactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604) may be toenable/allow the network to be able to notify the wireless device of anevent via a paging message without having to broadcast the pagingmessage over the entire mobile communications network. The mobilitymanagement mechanism used during the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle606) or during the RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604) mayenable/allow the network to track the wireless device on a cell-grouplevel, for example, so that the paging message may be broadcast over thecells of the cell group that the wireless device currently resideswithin (e.g. instead of sending the paging message over the entiremobile communication network). The mobility management mechanisms forthe RRC idle state (e.g., the RRC idle 606) and the RRC inactive state(e.g., the RRC inactive 604) may track the wireless device on acell-group level. The mobility management mechanisms may do thetracking, for example, using different granularities of grouping. Theremay be a plurality of levels of cell-grouping granularity (e.g., threelevels of cell-grouping granularity: individual cells; cells within aRAN area identified by a RAN area identifier (RAI); and cells within agroup of RAN areas, referred to as a tracking area and identified by atracking area identifier (TAI)).

Tracking areas may be used to track the wireless device (e.g., trackingthe location of the wireless device at the CN level). The CN (e.g., theCN 102, the 5G CN 152, or any other CN) may send to the wireless devicea list of TAIs associated with a wireless device registration area(e.g., a UE registration area). A wireless device may perform aregistration update with the CN to allow the CN to update the locationof the wireless device and provide the wireless device with a new the UEregistration area, for example, if the wireless device moves (e.g., viaa cell reselection) to a cell associated with a TAI that may not beincluded in the list of TAIs associated with the UE registration area.

RAN areas may be used to track the wireless device (e.g., the locationof the wireless device at the RAN level). For a wireless device in anRRC inactive state (e.g., the RRC inactive 604), the wireless device maybe assigned/provided/configured with a RAN notification area. A RANnotification area may comprise one or more cell identities (e.g., a listof RAIs and/or a list of TAIs). A base station may belong to one or moreRAN notification areas. A cell may belong to one or more RANnotification areas. A wireless device may perform a notification areaupdate with the RAN to update the RAN notification area of the wirelessdevice, for example, if the wireless device moves (e.g., via a cellreselection) to a cell not included in the RAN notification areaassigned/provided/configured to the wireless device.

A base station storing an RRC context for a wireless device or a lastserving base station of the wireless device may be referred to as ananchor base station. An anchor base station may maintain an RRC contextfor the wireless device at least during a period of time that thewireless device stays in a RAN notification area of the anchor basestation and/or during a period of time that the wireless device stays inan RRC inactive state (e.g., RRC inactive 604).

A base station (e.g., gNBs 160 in FIG. 1B or any other base station) maybe split in two parts: a central unit (e.g., a base station centralunit, such as a gNB CU) and one or more distributed units (e.g., a basestation distributed unit, such as a gNB DU). A base station central unit(CU) may be coupled to one or more base station distributed units (DUs)using an F1 interface (e.g., an F1 interface defined in an NRconfiguration). The base station CU may comprise the RRC, the PDCP, andthe SDAP layers. A base station distributed unit (DU) may comprise theRLC, the MAC, and the PHY layers.

The physical signals and physical channels (e.g., described with respectto FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B) may be mapped onto one or more symbols (e.g.,orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in an NRconfiguration or any other symbols). OFDM is a multicarriercommunication scheme that transmits data over F orthogonal subcarriers(or tones). The data may be mapped to a series of complex symbols (e.g.,M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) symbols or M-phase shiftkeying (M PSK) symbols or any other modulated symbols), referred to assource symbols, and divided into F parallel symbol streams, for example,before transmission of the data. The F parallel symbol streams may betreated as if they are in the frequency domain. The F parallel symbolsmay be used as inputs to an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) blockthat transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block may take in Fsource symbols at a time, one from each of the F parallel symbolstreams. The IFFT block may use each source symbol to modulate theamplitude and phase of one of F sinusoidal basis functions thatcorrespond to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT blockmay be F time-domain samples that represent the summation of the Forthogonal subcarriers. The F time-domain samples may form a single OFDMsymbol. An OFDM symbol provided/output by the IFFT block may besent/transmitted over the air interface on a carrier frequency, forexample, after one or more processes (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix)and up-conversion. The F parallel symbol streams may be mixed, forexample, using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) block before beingprocessed by the IFFT block. This operation may produce Discrete FourierTransform (DFT)-precoded OFDM symbols and may be used by one or morewireless devices in the uplink to reduce the peak to average power ratio(PAPR). Inverse processing may be performed on the OFDM symbol at areceiver using an FFT block to recover the data mapped to the sourcesymbols.

FIG. 7 shows an example configuration of a frame. The frame maycomprise, for example, an NR radio frame into which OFDM symbols may begrouped. A frame (e.g., an NR radio frame) may be identified/indicatedby a system frame number (SFN) or any other value. The SFN may repeatwith a period of 1024 frames. One NR frame may be 10 milliseconds (ms)in duration and may comprise 10 subframes that are 1 ms in duration. Asubframe may be divided into one or more slots (e.g., depending onnumerologies and/or different subcarrier spacings). Each of the one ormore slots may comprise, for example, 14 OFDM symbols per slot. Anyquantity of symbols, slots, or duration may be used for any timeinterval.

The duration of a slot may depend on the numerology used for the OFDMsymbols of the slot. A flexible numerology may be supported, forexample, to accommodate different deployments (e.g., cells with carrierfrequencies below 1 GHz up to cells with carrier frequencies in themm-wave range). A flexible numerology may be supported, for example, inan NR configuration or any other radio configurations. A numerology maybe defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and/or cyclic prefix duration.Subcarrier spacings may be scaled up by powers of two from a baselinesubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. Cyclic prefix durations may be scaled downby powers of two from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 μs, forexample, for a numerology in an NR configuration or any other radioconfigurations. Numerologies may be defined with the followingsubcarrier spacing/cyclic prefix duration combinations: 15 kHz/4.7 μs;30 kHz/2.3 μs; 60 kHz/1.2 μs; 120 kHz/0.59 μs; 240 kHz/0.29 μs, and/orany other subcarrier spacing/cyclic prefix duration combinations.

A slot may have a fixed number/quantity of OFDM symbols (e.g., 14 OFDMsymbols). A numerology with a higher subcarrier spacing may have ashorter slot duration and more slots per subframe. Examples ofnumerology-dependent slot duration and slots-per-subframe transmissionstructure are shown in FIG. 7 (the numerology with a subcarrier spacingof 240 kHz is not shown in FIG. 7). A subframe (e.g., in an NRconfiguration) may be used as a numerology-independent time reference. Aslot may be used as the unit upon which uplink and downlinktransmissions are scheduled. Scheduling (e.g., in an NR configuration)may be decoupled from the slot duration. Scheduling may start at anyOFDM symbol. Scheduling may last for as many symbols as needed for atransmission, for example, to support low latency. These partial slottransmissions may be referred to as mini-slot or sub-slot transmissions.

FIG. 8 shows an example resource configuration of one or more carriers.The resource configuration of may comprise a slot in the time andfrequency domain for an NR carrier or any other carrier. The slot maycomprise resource elements (REs) and resource blocks (RBs). A resourceelement (RE) may be the smallest physical resource (e.g., in an NRconfiguration). An RE may span one OFDM symbol in the time domain by onesubcarrier in the frequency domain, such as shown in FIG. 8. An RB mayspan twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain, such as shown inFIG. 8. A carrier (e.g., an NR carrier) may be limited to a width of acertain quantity of RBs and/or subcarriers (e.g., 275 RBs or 275×12=3300subcarriers). Such limitation(s), if used, may limit the carrier (e.g.,NR carrier) frequency based on subcarrier spacing (e.g., carrierfrequency of 50, 100, 200, and 400 MHz for subcarrier spacings of 15,30, 60, and 120 kHz, respectively). A 400 MHz bandwidth may be set basedon a 400 MHz per carrier bandwidth limit. Any other bandwidth may be setbased on a per carrier bandwidth limit.

A single numerology may be used across the entire bandwidth of a carrier(e.g., an NR such as shown in FIG. 8). In other example configurations,multiple numerologies may be supported on the same carrier. NR and/orother access technologies may support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., upto 400 MHz for a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz). Not all wirelessdevices may be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due tohardware limitations and/or different wireless device capabilities).Receiving and/or utilizing the full carrier bandwidth may beprohibitive, for example, in terms of wireless device power consumption.A wireless device may adapt the size of the receive bandwidth of thewireless device, for example, based on the amount of traffic thewireless device is scheduled to receive (e.g., to reduce powerconsumption and/or for other purposes). Such an adaptation may bereferred to as bandwidth adaptation.

Configuration of one or more bandwidth parts (BWPs) may support one ormore wireless devices not capable of receiving the full carrierbandwidth. BWPs may support bandwidth adaptation, for example, for suchwireless devices not capable of receiving the full carrier bandwidth. ABWP (e.g., a BWP of an NR configuration) may be defined by a subset ofcontiguous RBs on a carrier. A wireless device may be configured (e.g.,via an RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs per serving cell andone or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPsper serving cell and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). One ormore of the configured BWPs for a serving cell may be active, forexample, at a given time. The one or more BWPs may be referred to asactive BWPs of the serving cell. A serving cell may have one or morefirst active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second activeBWPs in the secondary uplink carrier, for example, if the serving cellis configured with a secondary uplink carrier.

A downlink BWP from a set of configured downlink BWPs may be linked withan uplink BWP from a set of configured uplink BWPs (e.g., for unpairedspectra). A downlink BWP and an uplink BWP may be linked, for example,if a downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP and an uplink BWP index ofthe uplink BWP are the same. A wireless device may expect that thecenter frequency for a downlink BWP is the same as the center frequencyfor an uplink BWP (e.g., for unpaired spectra).

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or more controlresource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. The base stationmay configure the wireless device with one or more CORESETS, forexample, for a downlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs on aprimary cell (PCell) or on a secondary cell (SCell). A search space maycomprise a set of locations in the time and frequency domains where thewireless device may monitor/find/detect/identify control information.The search space may be a wireless device-specific search space (e.g., aUE-specific search space) or a common search space (e.g., potentiallyusable by a plurality of wireless devices or a group of wireless userdevices). A base station may configure a group of wireless devices witha common search space, on a PCell or on a primary secondary cell(PSCell), in an active downlink BWP.

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or more resourcesets for one or more PUCCH transmissions, for example, for an uplink BWPin a set of configured uplink BWPs. A wireless device may receivedownlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in a downlink BWP, forexample, according to a configured numerology (e.g., a configuredsubcarrier spacing and/or a configured cyclic prefix duration) for thedownlink BWP. The wireless device may send/transmit uplink transmissions(e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in an uplink BWP, for example, according to aconfigured numerology (e.g., a configured subcarrier spacing and/or aconfigured cyclic prefix length for the uplink BWP).

One or more BWP indicator fields may be provided/comprised in DownlinkControl Information (DCI). A value of a BWP indicator field may indicatewhich BWP in a set of configured BWPs is an active downlink BWP for oneor more downlink receptions. The value of the one or more BWP indicatorfields may indicate an active uplink BWP for one or more uplinktransmissions.

A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless device with adefault downlink BWP within a set of configured downlink BWPs associatedwith a PCell. A default downlink BWP may be an initial active downlinkBWP, for example, if the base station does not provide/configure adefault downlink BWP to/for the wireless device. The wireless device maydetermine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP, for example,based on a CORESET configuration obtained using the PBCH.

A base station may configure a wireless device with a BWP inactivitytimer value for a PCell. The wireless device may start or restart a BWPinactivity timer at any appropriate time. The wireless device may startor restart the BWP inactivity timer, for example, if one or moreconditions are satisfied. The one or more conditions may comprise atleast one of: the wireless device detects DCI indicating an activedownlink BWP other than a default downlink BWP for a paired spectraoperation; the wireless device detects DCI indicating an active downlinkBWP other than a default downlink BWP for an unpaired spectra operation;and/or the wireless device detects DCI indicating an active uplink BWPother than a default uplink BWP for an unpaired spectra operation. Thewireless device may start/run the BWP inactivity timer toward expiration(e.g., increment from zero to the BWP inactivity timer value, ordecrement from the BWP inactivity timer value to zero), for example, ifthe wireless device does not detect DCI during a time interval (e.g., 1ms or 0.5 ms). The wireless device may switch from the active downlinkBWP to the default downlink BWP, for example, if the BWP inactivitytimer expires.

A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless device with oneor more BWPs. A wireless device may switch an active BWP from a firstBWP to a second BWP, for example, after or in response to receiving DCIindicating the second BWP as an active BWP. A wireless device may switchan active BWP from a first BWP to a second BWP, for example, after or inresponse to an expiry of the BWP inactivity timer (e.g., if the secondBWP is the default BWP).

A downlink BWP switching may refer to switching an active downlink BWPfrom a first downlink BWP to a second downlink BWP (e.g., the seconddownlink BWP is activated and the first downlink BWP is deactivated). Anuplink BWP switching may refer to switching an active uplink BWP from afirst uplink BWP to a second uplink BWP (e.g., the second uplink BWP isactivated and the first uplink BWP is deactivated). Downlink and uplinkBWP switching may be performed independently (e.g., in pairedspectrum/spectra). Downlink and uplink BWP switching may be performedsimultaneously (e.g., in unpaired spectrum/spectra). Switching betweenconfigured BWPs may occur, for example, based on RRC signaling, DCIsignaling, expiration of a BWP inactivity timer, and/or an initiation ofrandom access.

FIG. 9 shows an example of configured BWPs. Bandwidth adaptation usingmultiple BWPs (e.g., three configured BWPs for an NR carrier) may beavailable. A wireless device configured with multiple BWPs (e.g., thethree BWPs) may switch from one BWP to another BWP at a switching point.The BWPs may comprise: a BWP 902 having a bandwidth of 40 MHz and asubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; a BWP 904 having a bandwidth of 10 MHz anda subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and a BWP 906 having a bandwidth of 20MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. The BWP 902 may be an initialactive BWP, and the BWP 904 may be a default BWP. The wireless devicemay switch between BWPs at switching points. The wireless device mayswitch from the BWP 902 to the BWP 904 at a switching point 908. Theswitching at the switching point 908 may occur for any suitable reasons.The switching at a switching point 908 may occur, for example, after orin response to an expiry of a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., indicatingswitching to the default BWP). The switching at the switching point 908may occur, for example, after or in response to receiving DCI indicatingBWP 904 as the active BWP. The wireless device may switch at a switchingpoint 910 from an active BWP 904 to the BWP 906, for example, after orin response receiving DCI indicating BWP 906 as a new active BWP. Thewireless device may switch at a switching point 912 from an active BWP906 to the BWP 904, for example, after or in response to an expiry of aBWP inactivity timer. The wireless device may switch at the switchingpoint 912 from an active BWP 906 to the BWP 904, for example, after orin response receiving DCI indicating BWP 904 as a new active BWP. Thewireless device may switch at a switching point 914 from an active BWP904 to the BWP 902, for example, after or in response receiving DCIindicating the BWP 902 as a new active BWP.

Wireless device procedures for switching BWPs on a secondary cell may bethe same/similar as those on a primary cell, for example, if thewireless device is configured for a secondary cell with a defaultdownlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs and a timer value. Thewireless device may use the timer value and the default downlink BWP forthe secondary cell in the same/similar manner as the wireless deviceuses the timer value and/or default BWPs for a primary cell. The timervalue (e.g., the BWP inactivity timer) may be configured per cell (e.g.,for one or more BWPs), for example, via RRC signaling or any othersignaling. One or more active BWPs may switch to another BWP, forexample, based on an expiration of the BWP inactivity timer.

Two or more carriers may be aggregated and data may be simultaneouslytransmitted to/from the same wireless device using carrier aggregation(CA) (e.g., to increase data rates). The aggregated carriers in CA maybe referred to as component carriers (CCs). There may be anumber/quantity of serving cells for the wireless device (e.g., oneserving cell for a CC), for example, if CA is configured/used. The CCsmay have multiple configurations in the frequency domain.

FIG. 10A shows example CA configurations based on CCs. As shown in FIG.10A, three types of CA configurations may comprise an intraband(contiguous) configuration 1002, an intraband (non-contiguous)configuration 1004, and/or an interband configuration 1006. In theintraband (contiguous) configuration 1002, two CCs may be aggregated inthe same frequency band (frequency band A) and may be located directlyadjacent to each other within the frequency band. In the intraband(non-contiguous) configuration 1004, two CCs may be aggregated in thesame frequency band (frequency band A) but may be separated from eachother in the frequency band by a gap. In the interband configuration1006, two CCs may be located in different frequency bands (e.g.,frequency band A and frequency band B, respectively).

A network may set the maximum quantity of CCs that can be aggregated(e.g., up to 32 CCs may be aggregated in NR, or any other quantity maybe aggregated in other systems). The aggregated CCs may have the same ordifferent bandwidths, subcarrier spacing, and/or duplexing schemes (TDD,FDD, or any other duplexing schemes). A serving cell for a wirelessdevice using CA may have a downlink CC. One or more uplink CCs may beoptionally configured for a serving cell (e.g., for FDD). The ability toaggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers may be useful, forexample, if the wireless device has more data traffic in the downlinkthan in the uplink.

One of the aggregated cells for a wireless device may be referred to asa primary cell (PCell), for example, if a CA is configured. The PCellmay be the serving cell that the wireless initially connects to oraccess to, for example, during or at an RRC connection establishment, anRRC connection reestablishment, and/or a handover. The PCell mayprovide/configure the wireless device with NAS mobility information andthe security input. Wireless device may have different PCells. For thedownlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to asthe downlink primary CC (DL PCC). For the uplink, the carriercorresponding to the PCell may be referred to as the uplink primary CC(UL PCC). The other aggregated cells (e.g., associated with CCs otherthan the DL PCC and UL PCC) for the wireless device may be referred toas secondary cells (SCells). The SCells may be configured, for example,after the PCell is configured for the wireless device. An SCell may beconfigured via an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure. For thedownlink, the carrier corresponding to an SCell may be referred to as adownlink secondary CC (DL SCC). For the uplink, the carriercorresponding to the SCell may be referred to as the uplink secondary CC(UL SCC).

Configured SCells for a wireless device may be activated or deactivated,for example, based on traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of anSCell may cause the wireless device to stop PDCCH and PDSCH reception onthe SCell and PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmissions on the SCell. ConfiguredSCells may be activated or deactivated, for example, using a MAC CE(e.g., the MAC CE described with respect to FIG. 4B). A MAC CE may use abitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell) to indicate which SCells (e.g., in asubset of configured SCells) for the wireless device are activated ordeactivated. Configured SCells may be deactivated, for example, after orin response to an expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., oneSCell deactivation timer per SCell may be configured).

DCI may comprise control information, such as scheduling assignments andscheduling grants, for a cell. DCI may be sent/transmitted via the cellcorresponding to the scheduling assignments and/or scheduling grants,which may be referred to as a self-scheduling. DCI comprising controlinformation for a cell may be sent/transmitted via another cell, whichmay be referred to as a cross-carrier scheduling. Uplink controlinformation (UCI) may comprise control information, such as HARQacknowledgments and channel state feedback (e.g., CQI, PMI, and/or RI)for aggregated cells. UCI may be transmitted via an uplink controlchannel (e.g., a PUCCH) of the PCell or a certain SCell (e.g., an SCellconfigured with PUCCH). For a larger number of aggregated downlink CCs,the PUCCH of the PCell may become overloaded. Cells may be divided intomultiple PUCCH groups.

FIG. 10B shows example group of cells. Aggregated cells may beconfigured into one or more PUCCH groups (e.g., as shown in FIG. 10B).One or more cell groups or one or more uplink control channel groups(e.g., a PUCCH group 1010 and a PUCCH group 1050) may comprise one ormore downlink CCs, respectively. The PUCCH group 1010 may comprise oneor more downlink CCs, for example, three downlink CCs: a PCell 1011(e.g., a DL PCC), an SCell 1012 (e.g., a DL SCC), and an SCell 1013(e.g., a DL SCC). The PUCCH group 1050 may comprise one or more downlinkCCs, for example, three downlink CCs: a PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1051(e.g., a DL SCC), an SCell 1052 (e.g., a DL SCC), and an SCell 1053(e.g., a DL SCC). One or more uplink CCs of the PUCCH group 1010 may beconfigured as a PCell 1021 (e.g., a UL PCC), an SCell 1022 (e.g., a ULSCC), and an SCell 1023 (e.g., a UL SCC). One or more uplink CCs of thePUCCH group 1050 may be configured as a PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1061(e.g., a UL SCC), an SCell 1062 (e.g., a UL SCC), and an SCell 1063(e.g., a UL SCC). UCI related to the downlink CCs of the PUCCH group1010, shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033, may be transmitted viathe uplink of the PCell 1021 (e.g., via the PUCCH of the PCell 1021).UCI related to the downlink CCs of the PUCCH group 1050, shown as UCI1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073, may be sent/transmitted via the uplink ofthe PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1061 (e.g., via the PUCCH of the PUCCH SCell1061). A single uplink PCell may be configured to send/transmit UCIrelating to the six downlink CCs, for example, if the aggregated cellsshown in FIG. 10B are not divided into the PUCCH group 1010 and thePUCCH group 1050. The PCell 1021 may become overloaded, for example, ifthe UCIs 1031, 1032, 1033, 1071, 1072, and 1073 are sent/transmitted viathe PCell 1021. By dividing transmissions of UCI between the PCell 1021and the PUCCH SCell (or PSCell) 1061, overloading may be preventedand/or reduced.

A PCell may comprise a downlink carrier (e.g., the PCell 1011) and anuplink carrier (e.g., the PCell 1021). An SCell may comprise only adownlink carrier. A cell, comprising a downlink carrier and optionallyan uplink carrier, may be assigned with a physical cell ID and a cellindex. The physical cell ID or the cell index may indicate/identify adownlink carrier and/or an uplink carrier of the cell, for example,depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used. Aphysical cell ID may be determined, for example, using a synchronizationsignal (e.g., PSS and/or SSS) transmitted via a downlink componentcarrier. A cell index may be determined, for example, using one or moreRRC messages. A physical cell ID may be referred to as a carrier ID, anda cell index may be referred to as a carrier index. A first physicalcell ID for a first downlink carrier may refer to the first physicalcell ID for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. Substantiallythe same/similar concept may apply to, for example, a carrieractivation. Activation of a first carrier may refer to activation of acell comprising the first carrier.

A multi-carrier nature of a PHY layer may be exposed/indicated to a MAClayer (e.g., in a CA configuration). A HARQ entity may operate on aserving cell. A transport block may be generated per assignment/grantper serving cell. A transport block and potential HARQ retransmissionsof the transport block may be mapped to a serving cell.

For the downlink, a base station may send/transmit (e.g., unicast,multicast, and/or broadcast), to one or more wireless devices, one ormore reference signals (RSs) (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DM-RS, and/orPT-RS). For the uplink, the one or more wireless devices maysend/transmit one or more RSs to the base station (e.g., DM-RS, PT-RS,and/or SRS). The PSS and the SSS may be sent/transmitted by the basestation and used by the one or more wireless devices to synchronize theone or more wireless devices with the base station. A synchronizationsignal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block may comprise thePSS, the SSS, and the PBCH. The base station may periodicallysend/transmit a burst of SS/PBCH blocks, which may be referred to asSSBs.

FIG. 11A shows an example mapping of one or more SS/PBCH blocks. A burstof SS/PBCH blocks may comprise one or more SS/PBCH blocks (e.g., 4SS/PBCH blocks, as shown in FIG. 11A). Bursts may be sent/transmittedperiodically (e.g., every 2 frames, 20 ms, or any other durations). Aburst may be restricted to a half-frame (e.g., a first half-frame havinga duration of 5 ms). Such parameters (e.g., the number of SS/PBCH blocksper burst, periodicity of bursts, position of the burst within theframe) may be configured, for example, based on at least one of: acarrier frequency of a cell in which the SS/PBCH block issent/transmitted; a numerology or subcarrier spacing of the cell; aconfiguration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); and/or anyother suitable factor(s). A wireless device may assume a subcarrierspacing for the SS/PBCH block based on the carrier frequency beingmonitored, for example, unless the radio network configured the wirelessdevice to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

The SS/PBCH block may span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain(e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, as shown in FIG. 11A or any other quantity/numberof symbols) and may span one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain(e.g., 240 contiguous subcarriers or any other quantity/number ofsubcarriers). The PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may have a common centerfrequency. The PSS may be sent/transmitted first and may span, forexample, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS may besent/transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and may span 1OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH may be sent/transmitted afterthe PSS (e.g., across the next 3 OFDM symbols) and may span 240subcarriers (e.g., in the second and fourth OFDM symbols as shown inFIG. 11A) and/or may span fewer than 240 subcarriers (e.g., in the thirdOFDM symbols as shown in FIG. 11A).

The location of the SS/PBCH block in the time and frequency domains maynot be known to the wireless device (e.g., if the wireless device issearching for the cell). The wireless device may monitor a carrier forthe PSS, for example, to find and select the cell. The wireless devicemay monitor a frequency location within the carrier. The wireless devicemay search for the PSS at a different frequency location within thecarrier, for example, if the PSS is not found after a certain duration(e.g., 20 ms). The wireless device may search for the PSS at a differentfrequency location within the carrier, for example, as indicated by asynchronization raster. The wireless device may determine the locationsof the SSS and the PBCH, respectively, for example, based on a knownstructure of the SS/PBCH block if the PSS is found at a location in thetime and frequency domains. The SS/PBCH block may be a cell-defining SSblock (CD-SSB). A primary cell may be associated with a CD-SSB. TheCD-SSB may be located on a synchronization raster. A cellselection/search and/or reselection may be based on the CD-SSB.

The SS/PBCH block may be used by the wireless device to determine one ormore parameters of the cell. The wireless device may determine aphysical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell, for example, based on thesequences of the PSS and the SSS, respectively. The wireless device maydetermine a location of a frame boundary of the cell, for example, basedon the location of the SS/PBCH block. The SS/PBCH block may indicatethat it has been sent/transmitted in accordance with a transmissionpattern. An SS/PBCH block in the transmission pattern may be a knowndistance from the frame boundary (e.g., a predefined distance for a RANconfiguration among one or more networks, one or more base stations, andone or more wireless devices).

The PBCH may use a QPSK modulation and/or forward error correction(FEC). The FEC may use polar coding. One or more symbols spanned by thePBCH may comprise/carry one or more DM-RSs for demodulation of the PBCH.The PBCH may comprise an indication of a current system frame number(SFN) of the cell and/or a SS/PBCH block timing index. These parametersmay facilitate time synchronization of the wireless device to the basestation. The PBCH may comprise a MIB used to send/transmit to thewireless device one or more parameters. The MIB may be used by thewireless device to locate remaining minimum system information (RMSI)associated with the cell. The RMSI may comprise a System InformationBlock Type 1 (SIB1). The SIB1 may comprise information for the wirelessdevice to access the cell. The wireless device may use one or moreparameters of the MIB to monitor a PDCCH, which may be used to schedulea PDSCH. The PDSCH may comprise the SIB1. The SIB1 may be decoded usingparameters provided/comprised in the MIB. The PBCH may indicate anabsence of SIB 1. The wireless device may be pointed to a frequency, forexample, based on the PBCH indicating the absence of SIB1. The wirelessdevice may search for an SS/PBCH block at the frequency to which thewireless device is pointed.

The wireless device may assume that one or more SS/PBCH blockssent/transmitted with a same SS/PBCH block index are quasi co-located(QCLed) (e.g., having substantially the same/similar Doppler spread,Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and/or spatial Rxparameters). The wireless device may not assume QCL for SS/PBCH blocktransmissions having different SS/PBCH block indices. SS/PBCH blocks(e.g., those within a half-frame) may be sent/transmitted in spatialdirections (e.g., using different beams that span a coverage area of thecell). A first SS/PBCH block may be sent/transmitted in a first spatialdirection using a first beam, a second SS/PBCH block may besent/transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam, athird SS/PBCH block may be sent/transmitted in a third spatial directionusing a third beam, a fourth SS/PBCH block may be sent/transmitted in afourth spatial direction using a fourth beam, etc.

A base station may send/transmit a plurality of SS/PBCH blocks, forexample, within a frequency span of a carrier. A first PCI of a firstSS/PBCH block of the plurality of SS/PBCH blocks may be different from asecond PCI of a second SS/PBCH block of the plurality of SS/PBCH blocks.The PCIs of SS/PBCH blocks sent/transmitted in different frequencylocations may be different or substantially the same.

The CSI-RS may be sent/transmitted by the base station and used by thewireless device to acquire/obtain/determine channel state information(CSI). The base station may configure the wireless device with one ormore CSI-RSs for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. Thebase station may configure a wireless device with one or more of thesame/similar CSI-RSs. The wireless device may measure the one or moreCSI-RSs. The wireless device may estimate a downlink channel stateand/or generate a CSI report, for example, based on the measuring of theone or more downlink CSI-RSs. The wireless device may send/transmit theCSI report to the base station (e.g., based on periodic CSI reporting,semi-persistent CSI reporting, and/or aperiodic CSI reporting). The basestation may use feedback provided by the wireless device (e.g., theestimated downlink channel state) to perform a link adaptation.

The base station may semi-statically configure the wireless device withone or more CSI-RS resource sets. A CSI-RS resource may be associatedwith a location in the time and frequency domains and a periodicity. Thebase station may selectively activate and/or deactivate a CSI-RSresource. The base station may indicate to the wireless device that aCSI-RS resource in the CSI-RS resource set is activated and/ordeactivated.

The base station may configure the wireless device to report CSImeasurements. The base station may configure the wireless device toprovide CSI reports periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently.For periodic CSI reporting, the wireless device may be configured with atiming and/or periodicity of a plurality of CSI reports. For aperiodicCSI reporting, the base station may request a CSI report. The basestation may command the wireless device to measure a configured CSI-RSresource and provide a CSI report relating to the measurement(s). Forsemi-persistent CSI reporting, the base station may configure thewireless device to send/transmit periodically, and selectively activateor deactivate the periodic reporting (e.g., via one or moreactivation/deactivation MAC CEs and/or one or more DCIs). The basestation may configure the wireless device with a CSI-RS resource set andCSI reports, for example, using RRC signaling.

The CSI-RS configuration may comprise one or more parameters indicating,for example, up to 32 antenna ports (or any other quantity of antennaports). The wireless device may be configured to use/employ the sameOFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS and a CORESET, for example, if thedownlink CSI-RS and CORESET are spatially QCLed and resource elementsassociated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside of the physical resourceblocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. The wireless device may beconfigured to use/employ the same OFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS andSS/PBCH blocks, for example, if the downlink CSI-RS and SS/PBCH blocksare spatially QCLed and resource elements associated with the downlinkCSI-RS are outside of PRBs configured for the SS/PBCH blocks.

Downlink DM-RSs may be sent/transmitted by a base station andreceived/used by a wireless device for a channel estimation. Thedownlink DM-RSs may be used for coherent demodulation of one or moredownlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). A network (e.g., an NRnetwork) may support one or more variable and/or configurable DM-RSpatterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DM-RSconfiguration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. A front-loadedDM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or twoadjacent OFDM symbols). A base station may semi-statically configure thewireless device with a number/quantity (e.g. a maximum number/quantity)of front-loaded DM-RS symbols for a PDSCH. A DM-RS configuration maysupport one or more DM-RS ports. A DM-RS configuration may support up toeight orthogonal downlink DM-RS ports per wireless device (e.g., forsingle user-MIMO). A DM-RS configuration may support up to 4 orthogonaldownlink DM-RS ports per wireless device (e.g., for multiuser-MIMO). Aradio network may support (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM) a common DM-RSstructure for downlink and uplink. A DM-RS location, a DM-RS pattern,and/or a scrambling sequence may be the same or different. The basestation may send/transmit a downlink DM-RS and a corresponding PDSCH,for example, using the same precoding matrix. The wireless device mayuse the one or more downlink DM-RSs for coherent demodulation/channelestimation of the PDSCH.

A transmitter (e.g., a transmitter of a base station) may use a precodermatrices for a part of a transmission bandwidth. The transmitter may usea first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precodermatrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the secondprecoder matrix may be different, for example, based on the firstbandwidth being different from the second bandwidth. The wireless devicemay assume that a same precoding matrix is used across a set of PRBs.The set of PRBs may be determined/indicated/identified/denoted as aprecoding resource block group (PRG).

A PDSCH may comprise one or more layers. The wireless device may assumethat at least one symbol with DM-RS is present on a layer of the one ormore layers of the PDSCH. A higher layer may configure one or moreDM-RSs for a PDSCH (e.g., up to 3 DMRSs for the PDSCH). Downlink PT-RSmay be sent/transmitted by a base station and used by a wireless device,for example, for a phase-noise compensation. Whether a downlink PT-RS ispresent or not may depend on an RRC configuration. The presence and/orthe pattern of the downlink PT-RS may be configured on a wirelessdevice-specific basis, for example, using a combination of RRC signalingand/or an association with one or more parameters used/employed forother purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)), which may beindicated by DCI. A dynamic presence of a downlink PT-RS, if configured,may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at leastMCS. A network (e.g., an NR network) may support a plurality of PT-RSdensities defined in the time and/or frequency domains. A frequencydomain density (if configured/present) may be associated with at leastone configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. The wireless device mayassume a same precoding for a DM-RS port and a PT-RS port. Thequantity/number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than the quantity/number ofDM-RS ports in a scheduled resource. Downlink PT-RS may beconfigured/allocated/confined in the scheduled time/frequency durationfor the wireless device. Downlink PT-RS may be sent/transmitted viasymbols, for example, to facilitate a phase tracking at the receiver.

The wireless device may send/transmit an uplink DM-RS to a base station,for example, for a channel estimation. The base station may use theuplink DM-RS for coherent demodulation of one or more uplink physicalchannels. The wireless device may send/transmit an uplink DM-RS with aPUSCH and/or a PUCCH. The uplink DM-RS may span a range of frequenciesthat is similar to a range of frequencies associated with thecorresponding physical channel. The base station may configure thewireless device with one or more uplink DM-RS configurations. At leastone DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. Thefront-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g.,one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DM-RSs may beconfigured to send/transmit at one or more symbols of a PUSCH and/or aPUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure the wirelessdevice with a number/quantity (e.g. the maximum number/quantity) offront-loaded DM-RS symbols for the PUSCH and/or the PUCCH, which thewireless device may use to schedule a single-symbol DM-RS and/or adouble-symbol DM-RS. A network (e.g., an NR network) may support (e.g.,for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM))a common DM-RS structure for downlink and uplink. A DM-RS location, aDM-RS pattern, and/or a scrambling sequence for the DM-RS may besubstantially the same or different.

A PUSCH may comprise one or more layers. A wireless device maysend/transmit at least one symbol with DM-RS present on a layer of theone or more layers of the PUSCH. A higher layer may configure one ormore DM-RSs (e.g., up to three DMRSs) for the PUSCH. Uplink PT-RS (whichmay be used by a base station for a phase tracking and/or a phase-noisecompensation) may or may not be present, for example, depending on anRRC configuration of the wireless device. The presence and/or thepattern of an uplink PT-RS may be configured on a wirelessdevice-specific basis (e.g., a UE-specific basis), for example, by acombination of RRC signaling and/or one or more parametersconfigured/employed for other purposes (e.g., MCS), which may beindicated by DCI. A dynamic presence of an uplink PT-RS, if configured,may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at leastMCS. A radio network may support a plurality of uplink PT-RS densitiesdefined in time/frequency domain. A frequency domain density (ifconfigured/present) may be associated with at least one configuration ofa scheduled bandwidth. The wireless device may assume a same precodingfor a DM-RS port and a PT-RS port. A quantity/number of PT-RS ports maybe less than a quantity/number of DM-RS ports in a scheduled resource.An uplink PT-RS may be configured/allocated/confined in the scheduledtime/frequency duration for the wireless device.

One or more SRSs may be sent/transmitted by a wireless device to a basestation, for example, for a channel state estimation to support uplinkchannel dependent scheduling and/or a link adaptation. SRSsent/transmitted by the wireless device may enable/allow a base stationto estimate an uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. Ascheduler at the base station may use/employ the estimated uplinkchannel state to assign one or more resource blocks for an uplink PUSCHtransmission for the wireless device. The base station maysemi-statically configure the wireless device with one or more SRSresource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station may configurethe wireless device with one or more SRS resources. An SRS resource setapplicability may be configured, for example, by a higher layer (e.g.,RRC) parameter. An SRS resource in a SRS resource set of the one or moreSRS resource sets (e.g., with the same/similar time domain behavior,periodic, aperiodic, and/or the like) may be sent/transmitted at a timeinstant (e.g., simultaneously), for example, if a higher layer parameterindicates beam management. The wireless device may send/transmit one ormore SRS resources in SRS resource sets. A network (e.g., an NR network)may support aperiodic, periodic, and/or semi-persistent SRStransmissions. The wireless device may send/transmit SRS resources, forexample, based on one or more trigger types. The one or more triggertypes may comprise higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and/or one or moreDCI formats. At least one DCI format may be used/employed for thewireless device to select at least one of one or more configured SRSresource sets. An SRS trigger type 0 may refer to an SRS triggered basedon higher layer signaling. An SRS trigger type 1 may refer to an SRStriggered based on one or more DCI formats. The wireless device may beconfigured to send/transmit an SRS, for example, after a transmission ofa PUSCH and a corresponding uplink DM-RS if a PUSCH and an SRS aresent/transmitted in a same slot. A base station may semi-staticallyconfigure a wireless device with one or more SRS configurationparameters indicating at least one of following: a SRS resourceconfiguration identifier; a number of SRS ports; time domain behavior ofan SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic,semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); slot, mini-slot, and/or subframelevel periodicity; an offset for a periodic and/or an aperiodic SRSresource; a number of OFDM symbols in an SRS resource; a starting OFDMsymbol of an SRS resource; an SRS bandwidth; a frequency hoppingbandwidth; a cyclic shift; and/or an SRS sequence ID.

An antenna port may be determined/defined such that the channel overwhich a symbol on the antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from thechannel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is conveyed.The receiver may infer/determine the channel (e.g., fading gain,multipath delay, and/or the like) for conveying a second symbol on anantenna port, from the channel for conveying a first symbol on theantenna port, for example, if the first symbol and the second symbol aresent/transmitted on the same antenna port. A first antenna port and asecond antenna port may be referred to as quasi co-located (QCLed), forexample, if one or more large-scale properties of the channel over whicha first symbol on the first antenna port is conveyed may be inferredfrom the channel over which a second symbol on a second antenna port isconveyed. The one or more large-scale properties may comprise at leastone of: a delay spread; a Doppler spread; a Doppler shift; an averagegain; an average delay; and/or spatial receiving (Rx) parameters.

Channels that use beamforming may require beam management. Beammanagement may comprise a beam measurement, a beam selection, and/or abeam indication. A beam may be associated with one or more referencesignals. A beam may be identified by one or more beamformed referencesignals. The wireless device may perform a downlink beam measurement,for example, based on one or more downlink reference signals (e.g., aCSI-RS) and generate a beam measurement report. The wireless device mayperform the downlink beam measurement procedure, for example, after anRRC connection is set up with a base station.

FIG. 11B shows an example mapping of one or more CSI-RSs. The CSI-RSsmay be mapped in the time and frequency domains. Each rectangular blockshown in FIG. 11B may correspond to a resource block (RB) within abandwidth of a cell. A base station may send/transmit one or more RRCmessages comprising CSI-RS resource configuration parameters indicatingone or more CSI-RSs. One or more of parameters may be configured byhigher layer signaling (e.g., RRC and/or MAC signaling) for a CSI-RSresource configuration. The one or more of the parameters may compriseat least one of: a CSI-RS resource configuration identity, a number ofCSI-RS ports, a CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element(RE) locations in a subframe), a CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., asubframe location, an offset, and periodicity in a radio frame), aCSI-RS power parameter, a CSI-RS sequence parameter, a code divisionmultiplexing (CDM) type parameter, a frequency density, a transmissioncomb, quasi co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity,crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid,qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and/or other radio resource parameters.

One or more beams may be configured for a wireless device in a wirelessdevice-specific configuration. Three beams are shown in FIG. 11B (beam#1, beam #2, and beam #3), but more or fewer beams may be configured.Beam #1 may be allocated with CSI-RS 1101 that may be sent/transmittedin one or more subcarriers in an RB of a first symbol. Beam #2 may beallocated with CSI-RS 1102 that may be sent/transmitted in one or moresubcarriers in an RB of a second symbol. Beam #3 may be allocated withCSI-RS 1103 that may be sent/transmitted in one or more subcarriers inan RB of a third symbol. A base station may use other subcarriers in thesame RB (e.g., those that are not used to send/transmit CSI-RS 1101) totransmit another CSI-RS associated with a beam for another wirelessdevice, for example, by using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).Beams used for a wireless device may be configured such that beams forthe wireless device use symbols different from symbols used by beams ofother wireless devices, for example, by using time domain multiplexing(TDM). A wireless device may be served with beams in orthogonal symbols(e.g., no overlapping symbols), for example, by using the TDM.

CSI-RSs (e.g., CSI-RSs 1101, 1102, 1103) may be sent/transmitted by thebase station and used by the wireless device for one or moremeasurements. The wireless device may measure an RSRP of configuredCSI-RS resources. The base station may configure the wireless devicewith a reporting configuration, and the wireless device may report theRSRP measurements to a network (e.g., via one or more base stations)based on the reporting configuration. The base station may determine,based on the reported measurement results, one or more transmissionconfiguration indication (TCI) states comprising a number of referencesignals. The base station may indicate one or more TCI states to thewireless device (e.g., via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and/or DCI). Thewireless device may receive a downlink transmission with an Rx beamdetermined based on the one or more TCI states. The wireless device mayor may not have a capability of beam correspondence. The wireless devicemay determine a spatial domain filter of a transmit (Tx) beam, forexample, based on a spatial domain filter of the corresponding Rx beam,if the wireless device has the capability of beam correspondence. Thewireless device may perform an uplink beam selection procedure todetermine the spatial domain filter of the Tx beam, for example, if thewireless device does not have the capability of beam correspondence. Thewireless device may perform the uplink beam selection procedure, forexample, based on one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resourcesconfigured to the wireless device by the base station. The base stationmay select and indicate uplink beams for the wireless device, forexample, based on measurements of the one or more SRS resourcessent/transmitted by the wireless device.

A wireless device may determine/assess (e.g., measure) a channel qualityof one or more beam pair links, for example, in a beam managementprocedure. A beam pair link may comprise a Tx beam of a base station andan Rx beam of the wireless device. The Tx beam of the base station maysend/transmit a downlink signal, and the Rx beam of the wireless devicemay receive the downlink signal. The wireless device may send/transmit abeam measurement report, for example, based on theassessment/determination. The beam measurement report may indicate oneor more beam pair quality parameters comprising at least one of: one ormore beam identifications (e.g., a beam index, a reference signal index,or the like), an RSRP, a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a channelquality indicator (CQI), and/or a rank indicator (RI).

FIG. 12A shows examples of downlink beam management procedures. One ormore downlink beam management procedures (e.g., downlink beam managementprocedures P1, P2, and P3) may be performed. Procedure P1 may enable ameasurement (e.g., a wireless device measurement) on Tx beams of a TRP(or multiple TRPs) (e.g., to support a selection of one or more basestation Tx beams and/or wireless device Rx beams). The Tx beams of abase station and the Rx beams of a wireless device are shown as ovals inthe top row of P1 and bottom row of P1, respectively. Beamforming (e.g.,at a TRP) may comprise a Tx beam sweep for a set of beams (e.g., thebeam sweeps shown, in the top rows of P1 and P2, as ovals rotated in acounter-clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrows). Beamforming(e.g., at a wireless device) may comprise an Rx beam sweep for a set ofbeams (e.g., the beam sweeps shown, in the bottom rows of P1 and P3, asovals rotated in a clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrows).Procedure P2 may be used to enable a measurement (e.g., a wirelessdevice measurement) on Tx beams of a TRP (shown, in the top row of P2,as ovals rotated in a counter-clockwise direction indicated by thedashed arrow). The wireless device and/or the base station may performprocedure P2, for example, using a smaller set of beams than the set ofbeams used in procedure P1, or using narrower beams than the beams usedin procedure P1. Procedure P2 may be referred to as a beam refinement.The wireless device may perform procedure P3 for an Rx beamdetermination, for example, by using the same Tx beam(s) of the basestation and sweeping Rx beam(s) of the wireless device.

FIG. 12B shows examples of uplink beam management procedures. One ormore uplink beam management procedures (e.g., uplink beam managementprocedures U1, U2, and U3) may be performed. Procedure U1 may be used toenable a base station to perform a measurement on Tx beams of a wirelessdevice (e.g., to support a selection of one or more Tx beams of thewireless device and/or Rx beams of the base station). The Tx beams ofthe wireless device and the Rx beams of the base station are shown asovals in the top row of U1 and bottom row of U1, respectively).Beamforming (e.g., at the wireless device) may comprise one or more beamsweeps, for example, a Tx beam sweep from a set of beams (shown, in thebottom rows of U1 and U3, as ovals rotated in a clockwise directionindicated by the dashed arrows). Beamforming (e.g., at the base station)may comprise one or more beam sweeps, for example, an Rx beam sweep froma set of beams (shown, in the top rows of U1 and U2, as ovals rotated ina counter-clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrows). ProcedureU2 may be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam, forexample, if the UE uses a fixed Tx beam. The wireless device and/or thebase station may perform procedure U2, for example, using a smaller setof beams than the set of beams used in procedure P1, or using narrowerbeams than the beams used in procedure P1. Procedure U2 may be referredto as a beam refinement. The wireless device may perform procedure U3 toadjust its Tx beam, for example, if the base station uses a fixed Rxbeam.

A wireless device may initiate/start/perform a beam failure recovery(BFR) procedure, for example, based on detecting a beam failure. Thewireless device may send/transmit a BFR request (e.g., a preamble, UCI,an SR, a MAC CE, and/or the like), for example, based on the initiatingthe BFR procedure. The wireless device may detect the beam failure, forexample, based on a determination that a quality of beam pair link(s) ofan associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., having an errorrate higher than an error rate threshold, a received signal power lowerthan a received signal power threshold, an expiration of a timer, and/orthe like).

The wireless device may measure a quality of a beam pair link, forexample, using one or more reference signals (RSs) comprising one ormore SS/PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources, and/or one or moreDM-RSs. A quality of the beam pair link may be based on one or more of ablock error rate (BLER), an RSRP value, a signal to interference plusnoise ratio (SINR) value, an RSRQ value, and/or a CSI value measured onRS resources. The base station may indicate that an RS resource is QCLedwith one or more DM-RSs of a channel (e.g., a control channel, a shareddata channel, and/or the like). The RS resource and the one or moreDM-RSs of the channel may be QCLed, for example, if the channelcharacteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, an average delay,delay spread, a spatial Rx parameter, fading, and/or the like) from atransmission via the RS resource to the wireless device are similar orthe same as the channel characteristics from a transmission via thechannel to the wireless device.

A network (e.g., an NR network comprising a gNB and/or an ng-eNB) and/orthe wireless device may initiate/start/perform a random accessprocedure. A wireless device in an RRC idle (e.g., an RRC_IDLE) stateand/or an RRC inactive (e.g., an RRC_INACTIVE) state mayinitiate/perform the random access procedure to request a connectionsetup to a network. The wireless device may initiate/start/perform therandom access procedure from an RRC connected (e.g., an RRC_CONNECTED)state. The wireless device may initiate/start/perform the random accessprocedure to request uplink resources (e.g., for uplink transmission ofan SR if there is no PUCCH resource available) and/oracquire/obtain/determine an uplink timing (e.g., if an uplinksynchronization status is non-synchronized). The wireless device mayinitiate/start/perform the random access procedure to request one ormore system information blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system informationblocks, such as SIB2, SIB3, and/or the like). The wireless device mayinitiate/start/perform the random access procedure for a beam failurerecovery request. A network may initiate/start/perform a random accessprocedure, for example, for a handover and/or for establishing timealignment for an SCell addition.

FIG. 13A shows an example four-step random access procedure. Thefour-step random access procedure may comprise a four-stepcontention-based random access procedure. A base station maysend/transmit a configuration message 1310 to a wireless device, forexample, before initiating the random access procedure. The four-steprandom access procedure may comprise transmissions of four messagescomprising: a first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311), a second message (e.g.,Msg 2 1312), a third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313), and a fourth message(e.g., Msg 4 1314). The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) may comprise apreamble (or a random access preamble). The first message (e.g., Msg 11311) may be referred to as a preamble. The second message (e.g., Msg 21312) may comprise as a random access response (RAR). The second message(e.g., Msg 2 1312) may be referred to as an RAR.

The configuration message 1310 may be sent/transmitted, for example,using one or more RRC messages. The one or more RRC messages mayindicate one or more random access channel (RACH) parameters to thewireless device. The one or more RACH parameters may comprise at leastone of: general parameters for one or more random access procedures(e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g.,RACH-ConfigCommon); and/or dedicated parameters (e.g.,RACH-configDedicated). The base station may send/transmit (e.g.,broadcast or multicast) the one or more RRC messages to one or morewireless devices. The one or more RRC messages may be wirelessdevice-specific. The one or more RRC messages that are wirelessdevice-specific may be, for example, dedicated RRC messagessent/transmitted to a wireless device in an RRC connected (e.g., anRRC_CONNECTED) state and/or in an RRC inactive (e.g., an RRC_INACTIVE)state. The wireless devices may determine, based on the one or more RACHparameters, a time-frequency resource and/or an uplink transmit powerfor transmission of the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or thethird message (e.g., Msg 3 1313). The wireless device may determine areception timing and a downlink channel for receiving the second message(e.g., Msg 2 1312) and the fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314), forexample, based on the one or more RACH parameters.

The one or more RACH parameters provided/configured/comprised in theconfiguration message 1310 may indicate one or more Physical RACH(PRACH) occasions available for transmission of the first message (e.g.,Msg 1 1311). The one or more PRACH occasions may be predefined (e.g., bya network comprising one or more base stations). The one or more RACHparameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACHoccasions (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters mayindicate an association between (a) one or more PRACH occasions and (b)one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters mayindicate an association between (a) one or more preambles and (b) one ormore reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS/PBCHblocks and/or CSI-RSs. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate aquantity/number of SS/PBCH blocks mapped to a PRACH occasion and/or aquantity/number of preambles mapped to a SS/PBCH blocks.

The one or more RACH parameters provided/configured/comprised in theconfiguration message 1310 may be used to determine an uplink transmitpower of first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or third message (e.g.,Msg 3 1313). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate a referencepower for a preamble transmission (e.g., a received target power and/oran initial power of the preamble transmission). There may be one or morepower offsets indicated by the one or more RACH parameters. The one ormore RACH parameters may indicate: a power ramping step; a power offsetbetween SSB and CSI-RS; a power offset between transmissions of thefirst message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and the third message (e.g., Msg 31313); and/or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one ormore RACH parameters may indicate one or more thresholds, for example,based on which the wireless device may determine at least one referencesignal (e.g., an SSB and/or CSI-RS) and/or an uplink carrier (e.g., anormal uplink (NUL) carrier and/or a supplementary uplink (SUL)carrier).

The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) may comprise one or more preambletransmissions (e.g., a preamble transmission and one or more preambleretransmissions). An RRC message may be used to configure one or morepreamble groups (e.g., group A and/or group B). A preamble group maycomprise one or more preambles. The wireless device may determine thepreamble group, for example, based on a pathloss measurement and/or asize of the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313). The wireless device maymeasure an RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and/orCSI-RSs) and determine at least one reference signal having an RSRPabove an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and/orrsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). The wireless device may select at least onepreamble associated with the one or more reference signals and/or aselected preamble group, for example, if the association between the oneor more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured byan RRC message.

The wireless device may determine the preamble, for example, based onthe one or more RACH parameters provided/configured/comprised in theconfiguration message 1310. The wireless device may determine thepreamble, for example, based on a pathloss measurement, an RSRPmeasurement, and/or a size of the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313). Theone or more RACH parameters may indicate: a preamble format; a maximumquantity/number of preamble transmissions; and/or one or more thresholdsfor determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and group B).A base station may use the one or more RACH parameters to configure thewireless device with an association between one or more preambles andone or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and/or CSI-RSs). The wirelessdevice may determine the preamble to be comprised in first message(e.g., Msg 1 1311), for example, based on the association if theassociation is configured. The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) may besent/transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH occasions.The wireless device may use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBsand/or CSI-RSs) for selection of the preamble and for determining of thePRACH occasion. One or more RACH parameters (e.g.,ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and/or ra-OccasionList) may indicate anassociation between the PRACH occasions and the one or more referencesignals.

The wireless device may perform a preamble retransmission, for example,if no response is received after or in response to a preambletransmission (e.g., for a period of time, such as a monitoring windowfor monitoring an RAR). The wireless device may increase an uplinktransmit power for the preamble retransmission. The wireless device mayselect an initial preamble transmit power, for example, based on apathloss measurement and/or a target received preamble power configuredby the network. The wireless device may determine to resend/retransmit apreamble and may ramp up the uplink transmit power. The wireless devicemay receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g.,PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating a ramping step for the preambleretransmission. The ramping step may be an amount of incrementalincrease in uplink transmit power for a retransmission. The wirelessdevice may ramp up the uplink transmit power, for example, if thewireless device determines a reference signal (e.g., SSB and/or CSI-RS)that is the same as a previous preamble transmission. The wirelessdevice may count the quantity/number of preamble transmissions and/orretransmissions, for example, using a counter parameter (e.g.,PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). The wireless device may determine that arandom access procedure has been completed unsuccessfully, for example,if the quantity/number of preamble transmissions exceeds a thresholdconfigured by the one or more RACH parameters (e.g., preambleTransMax)without receiving a successful response (e.g., an RAR).

The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) (e.g., received by the wirelessdevice) may comprise an RAR. The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) maycomprise multiple RARs corresponding to multiple wireless devices. Thesecond message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) may be received, for example, after orin response to the transmitting of the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311).The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) may be scheduled on the DL-SCH andmay be indicated by a PDCCH, for example, using a random access radionetwork temporary identifier (RA RNTI). The second message (e.g., Msg 21312) may indicate that the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) wasreceived by the base station. The second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) maycomprise a time-alignment command that may be used by the wirelessdevice to adjust the transmission timing of the wireless device, ascheduling grant for transmission of the third message (e.g., Msg 31313), and/or a Temporary Cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). The wireless device maydetermine/start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor aPDCCH for the second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312), for example, aftertransmitting the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) (e.g., a preamble).The wireless device may determine the start time of the time window, forexample, based on a PRACH occasion that the wireless device uses tosend/transmit the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) (e.g., the preamble).The wireless device may start the time window one or more symbols afterthe last symbol of the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) comprising thepreamble (e.g., the symbol in which the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311)comprising the preamble transmission was completed or at a first PDCCHoccasion from an end of a preamble transmission). The one or moresymbols may be determined based on a numerology. The PDCCH may be mappedin a common search space (e.g., a Type1-PDCCH common search space)configured by an RRC message. The wireless device may identify/determinethe RAR, for example, based on an RNTI. Radio network temporaryidentifiers (RNTIs) may be used depending on one or more eventsinitiating/starting the random access procedure. The wireless device mayuse a RA-RNTI, for example, for one or more communications associatedwith random access or any other purpose. The RA-RNTI may be associatedwith PRACH occasions in which the wireless device sends/transmits apreamble. The wireless device may determine the RA-RNTI, for example,based on at least one of: an OFDM symbol index; a slot index; afrequency domain index; and/or a UL carrier indicator of the PRACHoccasions. An example RA-RNTI may be determined as follows:

RA-RNTI=1+s_id+14×t_id+14×80×f_id+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id

where s_id may be an index of a first OFDM symbol of the PRACH occasion(e.g., 0≤s_id≤14), t_id may be an index of a first slot of the PRACHoccasion in a system frame (e.g., 0≤t_id≤80), f_id may be an index ofthe PRACH occasion in the frequency domain (e.g., 0≤f_id≤8), andul_carrier_id may be a UL carrier used for a preamble transmission(e.g., 0 for an NUL carrier, and 1 for an SUL carrier).

The wireless device may send/transmit the third message (e.g., Msg 31313), for example, after or in response to a successful reception ofthe second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312) (e.g., using resources identifiedin the Msg 2 1312). The third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313) may be used,for example, for contention resolution in the contention-based randomaccess procedure. A plurality of wireless devices may send/transmit thesame preamble to a base station, and the base station may send/transmitan RAR that corresponds to a wireless device. Collisions may occur, forexample, if the plurality of wireless device interpret the RAR ascorresponding to themselves. Contention resolution (e.g., using thethird message (e.g., Msg 3 1313) and the fourth message (e.g., Msg 41314)) may be used to increase the likelihood that the wireless devicedoes not incorrectly use an identity of another the wireless device. Thewireless device may comprise a device identifier in the third message(e.g., Msg 3 1313) (e.g., a C-RNTI if assigned, a TC RNTI comprised inthe second message (e.g., Msg 2 1312), and/or any other suitableidentifier), for example, to perform contention resolution.

The fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314) may be received, for example,after or in response to the transmitting of the third message (e.g., Msg3 1313). The base station may address the wireless on the PDCCH (e.g.,the base station may send the PDCCH to the wireless device) using aC-RNTI, for example, If the C-RNTI was included in the third message(e.g., Msg 3 1313). The random access procedure may be determined to besuccessfully completed, for example, if the unique C RNTI of thewireless device is detected on the PDCCH (e.g., the PDCCH is scrambledby the C-RNTI). fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314) may be received usinga DL-SCH associated with a TC RNTI, for example, if the TC RNTI iscomprised in the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313) (e.g., if the wirelessdevice is in an RRC idle (e.g., an RRC_IDLE) state or not otherwiseconnected to the base station). The wireless device may determine thatthe contention resolution is successful and/or the wireless device maydetermine that the random access procedure is successfully completed,for example, if a MAC PDU is successfully decoded and a MAC PDUcomprises the wireless device contention resolution identity MAC CE thatmatches or otherwise corresponds with the CCCH SDU sent/transmitted inthird message (e.g., Msg 3 1313).

The wireless device may be configured with an SUL carrier and/or an NULcarrier. An initial access (e.g., random access) may be supported via anuplink carrier. A base station may configure the wireless device withmultiple RACH configurations (e.g., two separate RACH configurationscomprising: one for an SUL carrier and the other for an NUL carrier).For random access in a cell configured with an SUL carrier, the networkmay indicate which carrier to use (NUL or SUL). The wireless device maydetermine to use the SUL carrier, for example, if a measured quality ofone or more reference signals (e.g., one or more reference signalsassociated with the NUL carrier) is lower than a broadcast threshold.Uplink transmissions of the random access procedure (e.g., the firstmessage (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or the third message (e.g., Msg 3 1313))may remain on, or may be performed via, the selected carrier. Thewireless device may switch an uplink carrier during the random accessprocedure (e.g., between the Msg 1 1311 and the Msg 3 1313). Thewireless device may determine and/or switch an uplink carrier for thefirst message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and/or the third message (e.g., Msg 31313), for example, based on a channel clear assessment (e.g., alisten-before-talk).

FIG. 13B shows a two-step random access procedure. The two-step randomaccess procedure may comprise a two-step contention-free random accessprocedure. Similar to the four-step contention-based random accessprocedure, a base station may, prior to initiation of the procedure,send/transmit a configuration message 1320 to the wireless device. Theconfiguration message 1320 may be analogous in some respects to theconfiguration message 1310. The procedure shown in FIG. 13B may comprisetransmissions of two messages: a first message (e.g., Msg 1 1321) and asecond message (e.g., Msg 2 1322). The first message (e.g., Msg 1 1321)and the second message (e.g., Msg 2 1322) may be analogous in somerespects to the first message (e.g., Msg 1 1311) and a second message(e.g., Msg 2 1312), respectively. The two-step contention-free randomaccess procedure may not comprise messages analogous to the thirdmessage (e.g., Msg 3 1313) and/or the fourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314).

The two-step (e.g., contention-free) random access procedure may beconfigured/initiated for a beam failure recovery, other SI request, anSCell addition, and/or a handover. A base station may indicate, orassign to, the wireless device a preamble to be used for the firstmessage (e.g., Msg 1 1321). The wireless device may receive, from thebase station via a PDCCH and/or an RRC, an indication of the preamble(e.g., ra-PreambleIndex).

The wireless device may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) tomonitor a PDCCH for the RAR, for example, after or in response tosending/transmitting the preamble. The base station may configure thewireless device with one or more beam failure recovery parameters, suchas a separate time window and/or a separate PDCCH in a search spaceindicated by an RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The basestation may configure the one or more beam failure recovery parameters,for example, in association with a beam failure recovery request. Theseparate time window for monitoring the PDCCH and/or an RAR may beconfigured to start after transmitting a beam failure recovery request(e.g., the window may start any quantity of symbols and/or slots aftertransmitting the beam failure recovery request). The wireless device maymonitor for a PDCCH transmission addressed to a Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) onthe search space. During the two-step (e.g., contention-free) randomaccess procedure, the wireless device may determine that a random accessprocedure is successful, for example, after or in response totransmitting first message (e.g., Msg 1 1321) and receiving acorresponding second message (e.g., Msg 2 1322). The wireless device maydetermine that a random access procedure has successfully beencompleted, for example, if a PDCCH transmission is addressed to acorresponding C-RNTI. The wireless device may determine that a randomaccess procedure has successfully been completed, for example, if thewireless device receives an RAR comprising a preamble identifiercorresponding to a preamble sent/transmitted by the wireless deviceand/or the RAR comprises a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier. Thewireless device may determine the response as an indication of anacknowledgement for an SI request.

FIG. 13C shows an example two-step random access procedure. Similar tothe random access procedures shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a base stationmay, prior to initiation of the procedure, send/transmit a configurationmessage 1330 to the wireless device. The configuration message 1330 maybe analogous in some respects to the configuration message 1310 and/orthe configuration message 1320. The procedure shown in FIG. 13C maycomprise transmissions of multiple messages (e.g., two messagescomprising: a first message (e.g., Msg A 1331) and a second message(e.g., Msg B 1332)).

Msg A 1320 may be sent/transmitted in an uplink transmission by thewireless device. Msg A 1320 may comprise one or more transmissions of apreamble 1341 and/or one or more transmissions of a transport block1342. The transport block 1342 may comprise contents that are similarand/or equivalent to the contents of the third message (e.g., Msg 31313) (e.g., shown in FIG. 13A). The transport block 1342 may compriseUCI (e.g., an SR, a HARQ ACK/NACK, and/or the like). The wireless devicemay receive the second message (e.g., Msg B 1332), for example, after orin response to transmitting the first message (e.g., Msg A 1331). Thesecond message (e.g., Msg B 1332) may comprise contents that are similarand/or equivalent to the contents of the second message (e.g., Msg 21312) (e.g., an RAR shown in FIG. 13A), the contents of the secondmessage (e.g., Msg 2 1322) (e.g., an RAR shown in FIG. 13B) and/or thefourth message (e.g., Msg 4 1314) (e.g., shown in FIG. 13A).

The wireless device may start/initiate the two-step random accessprocedure (e.g., the two-step random access procedure shown in FIG. 13C)for a licensed spectrum and/or an unlicensed spectrum. The wirelessdevice may determine, based on one or more factors, whether tostart/initiate the two-step random access procedure. The one or morefactors may comprise at least one of: a radio access technology in use(e.g., LTE, NR, and/or the like); whether the wireless device has avalid TA or not; a cell size; the RRC state of the wireless device; atype of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and/or any othersuitable factors.

The wireless device may determine, based on two-step RACH parameterscomprised in the configuration message 1330, a radio resource and/or anuplink transmit power for the preamble 1341 and/or the transport block1342 (e.g., comprised in the first message (e.g., Msg A 1331)). The RACHparameters may indicate an MCS, a time-frequency resource, and/or apower control for the preamble 1341 and/or the transport block 1342. Atime-frequency resource for transmission of the preamble 1341 (e.g., aPRACH) and a time-frequency resource for transmission of the transportblock 1342 (e.g., a PUSCH) may be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and/orCDM. The RACH parameters may enable the wireless device to determine areception timing and a downlink channel for monitoring for and/orreceiving second message (e.g., Msg B 1332).

The transport block 1342 may comprise data (e.g., delay-sensitive data),an identifier of the wireless device, security information, and/ordevice information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity(IMSI)). The base station may send/transmit the second message (e.g.,Msg B 1332) as a response to the first message (e.g., Msg A 1331). Thesecond message (e.g., Msg B 1332) may comprise at least one of: apreamble identifier; a timing advance command; a power control command;an uplink grant (e.g., a radio resource assignment and/or an MCS); awireless device identifier (e.g., a UE identifier for contentionresolution); and/or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or a TC-RNTI). The wirelessdevice may determine that the two-step random access procedure issuccessfully completed, for example, if a preamble identifier in thesecond message (e.g., Msg B 1332) corresponds to, or is matched to, apreamble sent/transmitted by the wireless device and/or the identifierof the wireless device in second message (e.g., Msg B 1332) correspondsto, or is matched to, the identifier of the wireless device in the firstmessage (e.g., Msg A 1331) (e.g., the transport block 1342).

A wireless device and a base station may exchange control signaling(e.g., control information). The control signaling may be referred to asL1/L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g.,layer 1) and/or the MAC layer (e.g., layer 2) of the wireless device orthe base station. The control signaling may comprise downlink controlsignaling sent/transmitted from the base station to the wireless deviceand/or uplink control signaling sent/transmitted from the wirelessdevice to the base station.

The downlink control signaling may comprise at least one of: a downlinkscheduling assignment; an uplink scheduling grant indicating uplinkradio resources and/or a transport format; slot format information; apreemption indication; a power control command; and/or any othersuitable signaling. The wireless device may receive the downlink controlsignaling in a payload sent/transmitted by the base station via a PDCCH.The payload sent/transmitted via the PDCCH may be referred to asdownlink control information (DCI). The PDCCH may be a group commonPDCCH (GC-PDCCH) that is common to a group of wireless devices. TheGC-PDCCH may be scrambled by a group common RNTI.

A base station may attach one or more cyclic redundancy check (CRC)parity bits to DCI, for example, in order to facilitate detection oftransmission errors. The base station may scramble the CRC parity bitswith an identifier of a wireless device (or an identifier of a group ofwireless devices), for example, if the DCI is intended for the wirelessdevice (or the group of the wireless devices). Scrambling the CRC paritybits with the identifier may comprise Modulo-2 addition (or anexclusive-OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits.The identifier may comprise a 16-bit value of an RNTI.

DCIs may be used for different purposes. A purpose may be indicated bythe type of an RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. DCI having CRCparity bits scrambled with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) may indicate paginginformation and/or a system information change notification. The P-RNTImay be predefined as “FFFE” in hexadecimal. DCI having CRC parity bitsscrambled with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) may indicate abroadcast transmission of the system information. The SI-RNTI may bepredefined as “FFFF” in hexadecimal. DCI having CRC parity bitsscrambled with a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) may indicate a randomaccess response (RAR). DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a cellRNTI (C-RNTI) may indicate a dynamically scheduled unicast transmissionand/or a triggering of PDCCH-ordered random access. DCI having CRCparity bits scrambled with a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) may indicatea contention resolution (e.g., a Msg 3 analogous to the Msg 3 1313 shownin FIG. 13A). Other RNTIs configured for a wireless device by a basestation may comprise a Configured Scheduling RNTI (CS RNTI), a TransmitPower Control-PUCCH RNTI (TPC PUCCH-RNTI), a Transmit PowerControl-PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), a Transmit Power Control-SRS RNTI(TPC-SRS-RNTI), an Interruption RNTI (INT-RNTI), a Slot FormatIndication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), a Semi-Persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), aModulation and Coding Scheme Cell RNTI (MCS-C RNTI), and/or the like.

A base station may send/transmit DCIs with one or more DCI formats, forexample, depending on the purpose and/or content of the DCIs. DCI format0_0 may be used for scheduling of a PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_0 maybe a fallback DCI format (e.g., with compact DCI payloads). DCI format0_1 may be used for scheduling of a PUSCH in a cell (e.g., with more DCIpayloads than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 may be used for schedulingof a PDSCH in a cell. DCI format 1_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g.,with compact DCI payloads). DCI format 1_1 may be used for scheduling ofa PDSCH in a cell (e.g., with more DCI payloads than DCI format 1_0).DCI format 2_0 may be used for providing a slot format indication to agroup of wireless devices. DCI format 2_1 may be used forinforming/notifying a group of wireless devices of a physical resourceblock and/or an OFDM symbol where the group of wireless devices mayassume no transmission is intended to the group of wireless devices. DCIformat 2_2 may be used for transmission of a transmit power control(TPC) command for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI format 2_3 may be used fortransmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissions by one ormore wireless devices. DCI format(s) for new functions may be defined infuture releases. DCI formats may have different DCI sizes, or may sharethe same DCI size.

The base station may process the DCI with channel coding (e.g., polarcoding), rate matching, scrambling and/or QPSK modulation, for example,after scrambling the DCI with an RNTI. A base station may map the codedand modulated DCI on resource elements used and/or configured for aPDCCH. The base station may send/transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupyinga number of contiguous control channel elements (CCEs), for example,based on a payload size of the DCI and/or a coverage of the basestation. The number of the contiguous CCEs (referred to as aggregationlevel) may be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and/or any other suitable number. A CCEmay comprise a number (e.g., 6) of resource-element groups (REGs). A REGmay comprise a resource block in an OFDM symbol. The mapping of thecoded and modulated DCI on the resource elements may be based on mappingof CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE-to-REG mapping).

FIG. 14A shows an example of CORESET configurations. The CORESETconfigurations may be for a bandwidth part or any other frequency bands.The base station may send/transmit DCI via a PDCCH on one or morecontrol resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may comprise atime-frequency resource in which the wireless device attempts/tries todecode DCI using one or more search spaces. The base station mayconfigure a size and a location of the CORESET in the time-frequencydomain. A first CORESET 1401 and a second CORESET 1402 may occur or maybe set/configured at the first symbol in a slot. The first CORESET 1401may overlap with the second CORESET 1402 in the frequency domain. Athird CORESET 1403 may occur or may be set/configured at a third symbolin the slot. A fourth CORESET 1404 may occur or may be set/configured atthe seventh symbol in the slot. CORESETs may have a different number ofresource blocks in frequency domain.

FIG. 14B shows an example of a CCE-to-REG mapping. The CCE-to-REGmapping may be performed for DCI transmission via a CORESET and PDCCHprocessing. The CCE-to-REG mapping may be an interleaved mapping (e.g.,for the purpose of providing frequency diversity) or a non-interleavedmapping (e.g., for the purposes of facilitating interferencecoordination and/or frequency-selective transmission of controlchannels). The base station may perform different or same CCE-to-REGmapping on different CORESETs. A CORESET may be associated with aCCE-to-REG mapping (e.g., by an RRC configuration). A CORESET may beconfigured with an antenna port QCL parameter. The antenna port QCLparameter may indicate QCL information of a DM-RS for a PDCCH receptionvia the CORESET.

The base station may send/transmit, to the wireless device, one or moreRRC messages comprising configuration parameters of one or more CORESETsand one or more search space sets. The configuration parameters mayindicate an association between a search space set and a CORESET. Asearch space set may comprise a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs(e.g., at a given aggregation level). The configuration parameters mayindicate at least one of: a number of PDCCH candidates to be monitoredper aggregation level; a PDCCH monitoring periodicity and a PDCCHmonitoring pattern; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by thewireless device; and/or whether a search space set is a common searchspace set or a wireless device-specific search space set (e.g., aUE-specific search space set). A set of CCEs in the common search spaceset may be predefined and known to the wireless device. A set of CCEs inthe wireless device-specific search space set (e.g., the UE-specificsearch space set) may be configured, for example, based on the identityof the wireless device (e.g., C-RNTI).

As shown in FIG. 14B, the wireless device may determine a time-frequencyresource for a CORESET based on one or more RRC messages. The wirelessdevice may determine a CCE-to-REG mapping (e.g., interleaved ornon-interleaved, and/or mapping parameters) for the CORESET, forexample, based on configuration parameters of the CORESET. The wirelessdevice may determine a number (e.g., at most 10) of search space setsconfigured on/for the CORESET, for example, based on the one or more RRCmessages. The wireless device may monitor a set of PDCCH candidatesaccording to configuration parameters of a search space set. Thewireless device may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or moreCORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may comprisedecoding one or more PDCCH candidates of the set of the PDCCH candidatesaccording to the monitored DCI formats. Monitoring may comprise decodingDCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates with possible (orconfigured) PDCCH locations, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats(e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in commonsearch spaces, and/or the number of PDCCH candidates in the wirelessdevice-specific search spaces) and possible (or configured) DCI formats.The decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The wireless devicemay determine DCI as valid for the wireless device, for example, afteror in response to CRC checking (e.g., scrambled bits for CRC parity bitsof the DCI matching an RNTI value). The wireless device may processinformation comprised in the DCI (e.g., a scheduling assignment, anuplink grant, power control, a slot format indication, a downlinkpreemption, and/or the like).

The wireless device may send/transmit uplink control signaling (e.g.,UCI) to a base station. The uplink control signaling may comprise HARQacknowledgements for received DL-SCH transport blocks. The wirelessdevice may send/transmit the HARQ acknowledgements, for example, afteror in response to receiving a DL-SCH transport block. Uplink controlsignaling may comprise CSI indicating a channel quality of a physicaldownlink channel. The wireless device may send/transmit the CSI to thebase station. The base station, based on the received CSI, may determinetransmission format parameters (e.g., comprising multi-antenna andbeamforming schemes) for downlink transmission(s). Uplink controlsignaling may comprise scheduling requests (SR). The wireless device maysend/transmit an SR indicating that uplink data is available fortransmission to the base station. The wireless device may send/transmitUCI (e.g., HARQ acknowledgements (HARQ-ACK), CSI report, SR, and thelike) via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. The wireless device may send/transmit theuplink control signaling via a PUCCH using one of several PUCCH formats.

There may be multiple PUCCH formats (e.g., five PUCCH formats). Awireless device may determine a PUCCH format, for example, based on asize of UCI (e.g., a quantity/number of uplink symbols of UCItransmission and a number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 may have a lengthof one or two OFDM symbols and may comprise two or fewer bits. Thewireless device may send/transmit UCI via a PUCCH resource, for example,using PUCCH format 0 if the transmission is over/via one or two symbolsand the quantity/number of HARQ-ACK information bits with positive ornegative SR (HARQ-ACK/SR bits) is one or two. PUCCH format 1 may occupya number of OFDM symbols (e.g., between four and fourteen OFDM symbols)and may comprise two or fewer bits. The wireless device may use PUCCHformat 1, for example, if the transmission is over/via four or moresymbols and the number of HARQ-ACK/SR bits is one or two. PUCCH format 2may occupy one or two OFDM symbols and may comprise more than two bits.The wireless device may use PUCCH format 2, for example, if thetransmission is over/via one or two symbols and the quantity/number ofUCI bits is two or more. PUCCH format 3 may occupy a number of OFDMsymbols (e.g., between four and fourteen OFDM symbols) and may comprisemore than two bits. The wireless device may use PUCCH format 3, forexample, if the transmission is four or more symbols, thequantity/number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resource doesnot comprise an orthogonal cover code (OCC). PUCCH format 4 may occupy anumber of OFDM symbols (e.g., between four and fourteen OFDM symbols)and may comprise more than two bits. The wireless device may use PUCCHformat 4, for example, if the transmission is four or more symbols, thequantity/number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resourcecomprises an OCC.

The base station may send/transmit configuration parameters to thewireless device for a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, for example,using an RRC message. The plurality of PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up tofour sets in NR, or up to any other quantity of sets in other systems)may be configured on an uplink BWP of a cell. A PUCCH resource set maybe configured with a PUCCH resource set index, a plurality of PUCCHresources with a PUCCH resource being identified by a PUCCH resourceidentifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid), and/or a number (e.g. a maximumnumber) of UCI information bits the wireless device may send/transmitusing one of the plurality of PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set.The wireless device may select one of the plurality of PUCCH resourcesets, for example, based on a total bit length of the UCI informationbits (e.g., HARQ-ACK, SR, and/or CSI) if configured with a plurality ofPUCCH resource sets. The wireless device may select a first PUCCHresource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “0,” forexample, if the total bit length of UCI information bits is two orfewer. The wireless device may select a second PUCCH resource set havinga PUCCH resource set index equal to “1,” for example, if the total bitlength of UCI information bits is greater than two and less than orequal to a first configured value. The wireless device may select athird PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “2,”for example, if the total bit length of UCI information bits is greaterthan the first configured value and less than or equal to a secondconfigured value. The wireless device may select a fourth PUCCH resourceset having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “3,” for example, if thetotal bit length of UCI information bits is greater than the secondconfigured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1406,1706, or any other quantity of bits).

The wireless device may determine a PUCCH resource from the PUCCHresource set for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and/or SR) transmission, forexample, after determining a PUCCH resource set from a plurality ofPUCCH resource sets. The wireless device may determine the PUCCHresource, for example, based on a PUCCH resource indicator in DCI (e.g.,with DCI format 1_0 or DCI for 1_1) received on/via a PDCCH. An n-bit(e.g., a three-bit) PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI may indicate oneof multiple (e.g., eight) PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Thewireless device may send/transmit the UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI and/or SR)using a PUCCH resource indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in theDCI, for example, based on the PUCCH resource indicator.

FIG. 15A shows an example communications between a wireless device and abase station. A wireless device 1502 and a base station 1504 may be partof a communication network, such as the communication network 100 shownin FIG. 1A, the communication network 150 shown in FIG. 1B, or any othercommunication network. A communication network may comprise more thanone wireless device and/or more than one base station, withsubstantially the same or similar configurations as those shown in FIG.15A.

The base station 1504 may connect the wireless device 1502 to a corenetwork (not shown) via radio communications over the air interface (orradio interface) 1506. The communication direction from the base station1504 to the wireless device 1502 over the air interface 1506 may bereferred to as the downlink. The communication direction from thewireless device 1502 to the base station 1504 over the air interface maybe referred to as the uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separatedfrom uplink transmissions, for example, using various duplex schemes(e.g., FDD, TDD, and/or some combination of the duplexing techniques).

For the downlink, data to be sent to the wireless device 1502 from thebase station 1504 may be provided/transferred/sent to the processingsystem 1508 of the base station 1504. The data may beprovided/transferred/sent to the processing system 1508 by, for example,a core network. For the uplink, data to be sent to the base station 1504from the wireless device 1502 may be provided/transferred/sent to theprocessing system 1518 of the wireless device 1502. The processingsystem 1508 and the processing system 1518 may implement layer 3 andlayer 2 OSI functionality to process the data for transmission. Layer 2may comprise an SDAP layer, a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, and a MAC layer,for example, described with respect to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3, andFIG. 4A. Layer 3 may comprise an RRC layer, for example, described withrespect to FIG. 2B.

The data to be sent to the wireless device 1502 may beprovided/transferred/sent to a transmission processing system 1510 ofbase station 1504, for example, after being processed by the processingsystem 1508. The data to be sent to base station 1504 may beprovided/transferred/sent to a transmission processing system 1520 ofthe wireless device 1502, for example, after being processed by theprocessing system 1518. The transmission processing system 1510 and thetransmission processing system 1520 may implement layer 1 OSIfunctionality. Layer 1 may comprise a PHY layer, for example, describedwith respect to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4A. For transmitprocessing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, forward errorcorrection coding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching,mapping of transport channels to physical channels, modulation ofphysical channel, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-antennaprocessing, and/or the like.

A reception processing system 1512 of the base station 1504 may receivethe uplink transmission from the wireless device 1502. The receptionprocessing system 1512 of the base station 1504 may comprise one or moreTRPs. A reception processing system 1522 of the wireless device 1502 mayreceive the downlink transmission from the base station 1504. Thereception processing system 1522 of the wireless device 1502 maycomprise one or more antenna panels. The reception processing system1512 and the reception processing system 1522 may implement layer 1 OSIfunctionality. Layer 1 may include a PHY layer, for example, describedwith respect to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4A. For receiveprocessing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, error detection,forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping oftransport channels to physical channels, demodulation of physicalchannels, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, and/or the like.

The base station 1504 may comprise multiple antennas (e.g., multipleantenna panels, multiple TRPs, etc.). The wireless device 1502 maycomprise multiple antennas (e.g., multiple antenna panels, etc.). Themultiple antennas may be used to perform one or more MIMO ormulti-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g.,single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit/receive diversity, and/orbeamforming. The wireless device 1502 and/or the base station 1504 mayhave a single antenna.

The processing system 1508 and the processing system 1518 may beassociated with a memory 1514 and a memory 1524, respectively. Memory1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer readablemediums) may store computer program instructions or code that may beexecuted by the processing system 1508 and/or the processing system1518, respectively, to carry out one or more of the functionalities(e.g., one or more functionalities described herein and otherfunctionalities of general computers, processors, memories, and/or otherperipherals). The transmission processing system 1510 and/or thereception processing system 1512 may be coupled to the memory 1514and/or another memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computerreadable mediums) storing computer program instructions or code that maybe executed to carry out one or more of their respectivefunctionalities. The transmission processing system 1520 and/or thereception processing system 1522 may be coupled to the memory 1524and/or another memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computerreadable mediums) storing computer program instructions or code that maybe executed to carry out one or more of their respectivefunctionalities.

The processing system 1508 and/or the processing system 1518 maycomprise one or more controllers and/or one or more processors. The oneor more controllers and/or one or more processors may comprise, forexample, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP),a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), afield programmable gate array (FPGA) and/or other programmable logicdevice, discrete gate and/or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, an on-board unit, or any combination thereof. The processingsystem 1508 and/or the processing system 1518 may perform at least oneof signal coding/processing, data processing, power control,input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that may enablethe wireless device 1502 and/or the base station 1504 to operate in awireless environment.

The processing system 1508 may be connected to one or more peripherals1516. The processing system 1518 may be connected to one or moreperipherals 1526. The one or more peripherals 1516 and the one or moreperipherals 1526 may comprise software and/or hardware that providefeatures and/or functionalities, for example, a speaker, a microphone, akeypad, a display, a touchpad, a power source, a satellite transceiver,a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequencymodulated (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, anelectronic control unit (e.g., for a motor vehicle), and/or one or moresensors (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, aradar sensor, a lidar sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, acamera, and/or the like). The processing system 1508 and/or theprocessing system 1518 may receive input data (e.g., user input data)from, and/or provide output data (e.g., user output data) to, the one ormore peripherals 1516 and/or the one or more peripherals 1526. Theprocessing system 1518 in the wireless device 1502 may receive powerfrom a power source and/or may be configured to distribute the power tothe other components in the wireless device 1502. The power source maycomprise one or more sources of power, for example, a battery, a solarcell, a fuel cell, or any combination thereof. The processing system1508 may be connected to a Global Positioning System (GPS) chipset 1517.The processing system 1518 may be connected to a Global PositioningSystem (GPS) chipset 1527. The GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527may be configured to determine and provide geographic locationinformation of the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504,respectively.

FIG. 15B shows example elements of a computing device that may be usedto implement any of the various devices described herein, including, forexample, the base station 160A, 160B, 162A, 162B, 220, and/or 1504, thewireless device 106, 156A, 156B, 210, and/or 1502, or any other basestation, wireless device, AMF, UPF, network device, or computing devicedescribed herein. The computing device 1530 may include one or moreprocessors 1531, which may execute instructions stored in therandom-access memory (RAM) 1533, the removable media 1534 (such as aUniversal Serial Bus (USB) drive, compact disk (CD) or digital versatiledisk (DVD), or floppy disk drive), or any other desired storage medium.Instructions may also be stored in an attached (or internal) hard drive1535. The computing device 1530 may also include a security processor(not shown), which may execute instructions of one or more computerprograms to monitor the processes executing on the processor 1531 andany process that requests access to any hardware and/or softwarecomponents of the computing device 1530 (e.g., ROM 1532, RAM 1533, theremovable media 1534, the hard drive 1535, the device controller 1537, anetwork interface 1539, a GPS 1541, a Bluetooth interface 1542, a WiFiinterface 1543, etc.). The computing device 1530 may include one or moreoutput devices, such as the display 1536 (e.g., a screen, a displaydevice, a monitor, a television, etc.), and may include one or moreoutput device controllers 1537, such as a video processor. There mayalso be one or more user input devices 1538, such as a remote control,keyboard, mouse, touch screen, microphone, etc. The computing device1530 may also include one or more network interfaces, such as a networkinterface 1539, which may be a wired interface, a wireless interface, ora combination of the two. The network interface 1539 may provide aninterface for the computing device 1530 to communicate with a network1540 (e.g., a RAN, or any other network). The network interface 1539 mayinclude a modem (e.g., a cable modem), and the external network 1540 mayinclude communication links, an external network, an in-home network, aprovider's wireless, coaxial, fiber, or hybrid fiber/coaxialdistribution system (e.g., a DOCSIS network), or any other desirednetwork. Additionally, the computing device 1530 may include alocation-detecting device, such as a global positioning system (GPS)microprocessor 1541, which may be configured to receive and processglobal positioning signals and determine, with possible assistance froman external server and antenna, a geographic position of the computingdevice 1530.

The example in FIG. 15B may be a hardware configuration, although thecomponents shown may be implemented as software as well. Modificationsmay be made to add, remove, combine, divide, etc. components of thecomputing device 1530 as desired. Additionally, the components may beimplemented using basic computing devices and components, and the samecomponents (e.g., processor 1531, ROM storage 1532, display 1536, etc.)may be used to implement any of the other computing devices andcomponents described herein. For example, the various componentsdescribed herein may be implemented using computing devices havingcomponents such as a processor executing computer-executableinstructions stored on a computer-readable medium, as shown in FIG. 15B.Some or all of the entities described herein may be software based, andmay co-exist in a common physical platform (e.g., a requesting entitymay be a separate software process and program from a dependent entity,both of which may be executed as software on a common computing device).

FIG. 16A shows an example structure for uplink transmission. Processingof a baseband signal representing a physical uplink shared channel maycomprise/perform one or more functions. The one or more functions maycomprise at least one of: scrambling; modulation of scrambled bits togenerate complex-valued symbols; mapping of the complex-valuedmodulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; transformprecoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of thecomplex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols toresource elements; generation of complex-valued time-domain SingleCarrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), CP-OFDM signal foran antenna port, or any other signals; and/or the like. An SC-FDMAsignal for uplink transmission may be generated, for example, iftransform precoding is enabled. A CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmissionmay be generated, for example, if transform precoding is not enabled(e.g., as shown in FIG. 16A). These functions are examples and othermechanisms for uplink transmission may be implemented.

FIG. 16B shows an example structure for modulation and up-conversion ofa baseband signal to a carrier frequency. The baseband signal may be acomplex-valued SC-FDMA, CP-OFDM baseband signal (or any other basebandsignals) for an antenna port and/or a complex-valued Physical RandomAccess Channel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering may beperformed/employed, for example, prior to transmission.

FIG. 16C shows an example structure for downlink transmissions.Processing of a baseband signal representing a physical downlink channelmay comprise/perform one or more functions. The one or more functionsmay comprise: scrambling of coded bits in a codeword to besent/transmitted on/via a physical channel; modulation of scrambled bitsto generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping of thecomplex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmissionlayers; precoding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on a layerfor transmission on the antenna ports; mapping of complex-valuedmodulation symbols for an antenna port to resource elements; generationof complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for an antenna port; and/orthe like. These functions are examples and other mechanisms for downlinktransmission may be implemented.

FIG. 16D shows an example structure for modulation and up-conversion ofa baseband signal to a carrier frequency. The baseband signal may be acomplex-valued OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port or any othersignal. Filtering may be performed/employed, for example, prior totransmission.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, one or more messages(e.g. RRC messages) comprising configuration parameters of a pluralityof cells (e.g., a primary cell, one or more secondary cells). Thewireless device may communicate with at least one base station (e.g.,two or more base stations in dual-connectivity) via the plurality ofcells. The one or more messages (e.g. as a part of the configurationparameters) may comprise parameters of PHY, MAC, RLC, PCDP, SDAP, RRClayers for configuring the wireless device. The configuration parametersmay comprise parameters for configuring PHY and MAC layer channels,bearers, etc. The configuration parameters may comprise parametersindicating values of timers for PHY, MAC, RLC, PCDP, SDAP, RRC layers,and/or communication channels.

A timer may begin running, for example, once it is started and continuerunning until it is stopped or until it expires. A timer may be started,for example, if it is not running or restarted if it is running A timermay be associated with a value (e.g., the timer may be started orrestarted from a value or may be started from zero and expire once itreaches the value). The duration of a timer may not be updated, forexample, until the timer is stopped or expires (e.g., due to BWPswitching). A timer may be used to measure a time period/window for aprocess. With respect to an implementation and/or procedure related toone or more timers or other parameters, it will be understood that theremay be multiple ways to implement the one or more timers or otherparameters. One or more of the multiple ways to implement a timer may beused to measure a time period/window for the procedure. A random accessresponse window timer may be used for measuring a window of time forreceiving a random access response. The time difference between two timestamps may be used, for example, instead of starting a random accessresponse window timer and determine the expiration of the timer. Aprocess for measuring a time window may be restarted, for example, if atimer is restarted. Other example implementations may beconfigured/provided to restart a measurement of a time window.

Wireless communications may use one or more frequency ranges. Acommunication system may be configured for one or more frequency ranges.For example, frequency ranges may comprise at least a first frequencyrange 1 (FR1) (e.g., 410 MHz-7125 MHz) and/or a second frequency range(FR2) (e.g., 24250 MHz-52600 MHz). Any quantity of frequency ranges maybe used (e.g., FR3, FR4, etc.). A frequency range may comprise anyrange/band of frequencies (e.g., 100 MHz, 1 GHz, 10 GHz, etc.) Forexample, a radio spectrum for a communication system (e.g., 5G, 6G, orany other communication system) may be more than ten times wider thanthe radio spectrum for another communication system (e.g., 4G, 3G,and/or any other communication system). At least some operationalspectrum bands (e.g., practical operational spectrum bands) of acommunication system (e.g., 4G, 3G, and/or any other communicationsystem) may be less than 3 GHz (or any other frequency) in at least some(or many, or most) regions. As described further herein, a range offrequencies (e.g., a wide range of frequencies) may beused/configured/managed in an efficient manner for one or morecommunication systems (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and/or any othercommunication system, and/or any spectral frequencies).

Wireless communications may comprise using one or more wirelessresources. Wireless resources may comprise one or more of a time,frequency, code, and/or any other resource. A radio spectrum may supporta plurality of resources and/or a plurality of types of resources, suchas a network slice and/or any other resource. While various examplesherein may refer to a network slice, or network slices, the examplesherein may be used with any type of wireless resource(s). A wirelessresource may comprise a portion of a network, a portion of bandwidth,communications, a portion of resources for a type of communications, anetwork slice, etc. Although network slice may be used herein, oneskilled in the art readily recognizes that any type of wireless resourcemay be applied to the concepts described herein. A specific frequencyband, or bands, may be used to access a specific network slice(s) and/oranother type of a specific resource. For example, a wireless resourcefor a first service (e.g., a network slice for an eMBB service, or eMBBslice) may be supported in first frequency or frequency range (e.g., 2.6GHz and/or 4.9 GHz, and/or any other frequency or range of frequencies).A wireless resource for a second service (e.g., a network slice for aURLLC service, or a URLLC slice) may be supported in a second frequencyor frequency range (e.g., 4.9 GHz and/or any other frequency or range offrequencies). A lower frequency band (or bands) may be used for a firsttype(s) of service (e.g., for IoT and/or any other service(s)) while ahigher frequency band (or bands) may be used for a second type(s) ofservice (e.g., for eMBB service(s) and/or any other service(s)). Acombination of spectrum bands and wireless resources (e.g., networkslices) may be used by operators requiring a serviceisolation/management and/or a high (e.g., maximum) use of spectrum bandsthat may be available for a communication system.

One or more configurations may be required for using a wirelessresource. Determination of a RAT/frequency selection priority (RFSP)index may require considering, or taking into account, an allowed NSSAIor other identifier (e.g., for network slicing). A wireless device mayselect a RAN node (e.g., a proper RAN node). A communication system,and/or a particular deployment, may comprise a RAN node 1 supporting afirst type of information/service (e.g., IoT S-NSSAI) in a firstfrequency or range of frequencies (e.g., 4.9 GHz or any other frequencyor range of frequencies) and a RAN node 2 supporting a second type ofinformation/service (e.g., eMBB S-NSSAI) in a first frequency or rangeof frequencies (e.g., 2.6 GHz or any other frequency or range offrequencies). A wireless device may select/determine a RAN node withoutknowing/determining which RAN node supports which type ofinformation/service (e.g., which S-NSSAI). For example, a wirelessdevice may select (e.g., camp on) RAN node 1 and send a registrationrequest message (e.g., including eMBB S-NSSAI in a requested NSSAI). Thewireless device may make such a selection based on one or more criteria(e.g., received power, interference indication, cell priority, carrierfrequency priority, area restriction, PLMN, closed subscriber group(CSG), closed access group (CAG), etc.). However, the selected node(e.g., RAN node 1) may not serve the wireless device with a requestedservice (e.g., the eMBB network slice at the RAN node 1).

A network device may determine allowed information/resource(s) for awireless device. For example, a network device (e.g., an AMF) maydetermine allowed information/resource(s) (e.g., NSSAI) based on arequest (e.g., a requested NSSAI), wireless device subscription data,and/or information/resource(s) (e.g., S-NSSAIs) supported by a node(e.g., an access node, a RAN, a base station, agNB, and/or any othernode) that a wireless device may be using (e.g., camping on) forcommunications. Allowed information/resource(s) (e/g., NSSAI) may bebased on an allowed NSSAI comprising a list of S-NSSAI(s) in a requestedNSSAI permitted based on subscribed S-NSSAIs. Allowedinformation/resource(s) (e/g., NSSAI) may be based on an allowed NSSAIcomprising a list of S-NSSAI(s) for a serving PLMN which may be mappedto a HPLMN S-NSSAI(s) provided in mapping of a requested NSSAI permittedbased on Subscribed S-NSSAIs. Allowed information/resource(s) (e/g.,NSSAI) may be based on, if neither a requested NSSAI nor mapping of arequested NSSAI is/was provided or none of the S-NSSAIs in a requestedNSSAI are permitted, S-NSSAI(s) marked as default in the subscribedS-NSSAIs and/or taking into account availability of network sliceinstances that are able to serve S-NSSAI(s) in the allowed NSSAI incurrent wireless device's tracking areas. Allowedinformation/resource(s) (e/g., NSSAI) may be based on an AMF learningS-NSSAIs supported per a TA by a node (e.g., a 5G-AN), for example, ifnodes (e.g., 5G-AN nodes) establish or update an N2 connection with theAMF. One or more AMFs (e.g., per AMF set) may provide and/or update anetwork slice selection function (NSSF) with S-NSSAIs support per a TA.A node (e.g., a 5G-AN) may learn S-NSSAIs (e.g., per PLMN ID) fromnetwork devices (e.g., AMFs) it connects to support the nodes (e.g.,5G-AN nodes) that establish an N2 connection (e.g., with an AMF) or whena network device (e.g., an AMF) updates an N2 connection with the node(e.g., 5G-AN).

A network device may not allow information/resource(s) for a wirelessdevice. For example, a network device (e.g., an AMF) may not allow awireless device to use information/resource(s) (e.g., eMBB S-NSSAI)because that information/resource(s) (e.g., eMBB S-NSSAI) may not besupported by a node (e.g., a RAN node 1) and may provide defaultinformation/resource(s) (e.g., S-NSSAI in an allowed NSSAI) to thewireless device. An RFSP (e.g., set by a PCF) may be based on an allowedNSSAI (e.g., the default S-NSSAI), which may lead the wireless device to(re)select a cell supporting the default S-NSSAI. The wireless devicemay be able to access the default S-NSSAI afterward (e.g., even if theAMF could have provided eMBB S-NSSAI if the wireless device may beusing/camping on another node, such as the RAN node 2). A node (e.g., a5GC or any other node) may assist in selecting/determining a frequencyband that may sufficiently support one or more wireless resources (e.g.,network slices) that a wireless device may use/require for wirelesscommunications. A radio spectrum supported by a wireless resource (e.g.,a network slice) may be defined and/or restricted. A wireless devicesmay be restricted to one or more frequencies (or range(s) offrequencies) to be used for a wireless resource (e.g., a network slice).Limited frequencies may be used to access a wireless resource (e.g., anetwork slice). A wireless device may select/determine a frequency (orfrequencies) that may be used to access one or more wireless resources(e.g., network slice(s)), for example, if an operator manages adifferent range of radio spectrums per resource (e.g., per networkslice). A node/system (e.g, 5GS or any other node/system) may steer awireless device to a specific frequency band or bands (e.g., to a 5G AN)that may support one or more wireless resources (e.g., network slices)that the wireless device may request/require (e.g., for wirelesscommunications). A node/system (e.g., 5GS or any other node/system) mayrequire information to determine/select a node (e.g., 5G-AN or any othernode) for a wireless device. A wireless device may require informationto select/determine a node (e.g., 5G-AN) for wireless communicatingusing a certain wireless resource(s) (e.g., network slice(s)).

FIG. 17 shows an example of frequency ranges for wireless resources(e.g., network slices). Each frequency range may support one or morenetwork slices. One or more frequencies, or frequency ranges, may beavailable (e.g., in a cell) for supporting a one or more communicationlinks, such as a normal uplink (NUL), a supplemental uplink (SUL), anyother uplink, a downlink, and uplink/downlink, and any othercommunication link. A first (e.g., high) frequency/frequency range(1701) may support a first network slice (e.g., network slice1). Asecond (e.g., mid-range frequency/frequenc range (1702) may support asecond network slice (e.g., network slice2). A third (e.g., lower)frequency/frequency range (1703) may support a third network slice(e.g., network slice3). A fourth (e.g., low/lowest) frequency/frequencyrange (1704) may support a fourth network slice (e.g., network slice4).One or more frequencies/frequency ranges may be be configured to overlapsuch that the frequency ranges may support one or more network slices ina plurality of frequencies/frequency ranges. For example, the thirdfrequency/frequency range (1703) and the fourth frequency/frequencyrange (1704) may overlap, such that one or more of thefrequencies/frequency ranges (1703 and/or 1704) may support a pluralityof network slices (e.g., network slice3 and network slice4). Anyquantity of frequencies/frequency ranges may be configured, in anyfrequency/frequency ranges, to support any quantity of network slices. Anetwork slice may be restricted to at least one frequency range. Anetwork slice may be associated with a service. For example, a networkslice for a first service (e.g., an eMBB network slice) may be supportedin a first frequency or a first range of frequencies (e.g., 2.6 GHzand/or 4.9 GHz, or any other frequency/frequency ranges). A networkslice for a second service (e.g., a URLLC network slice) may besupported in a first frequency or a first range of frequencies (e.g.,4.9 GHz, or any other frequency/frequency ranges). Frequency ranges ofdifferent network slices may (or may not) overlap. A network slice(e.g., a URLLC network slice) may require a high frequency band tosupport a very low latency requirement (e.g., based on very small sizeslot). A network slice (e.g., an eMBB network slice) may require a highfrequency band to support a very large throughput. A network slice(e.g., an IoT network slice and/or an mMTC network slice) may require alow frequency band to support a reliable communication with low power(e.g., based on good/low path loss, high robust radio channel, etc.). Anetwork slice (e.g., a V2X network slice) may use a specific frequencyband, which may be determined based on one or more requirements (e.g.,based on a regulation such as indicated by the FCC, a government, acommunication frequency regulation institute, etc.). Any quantity ofnetwork slices may require any quantity of characteristics (e.g.,frequency/frequency band, throughput, latency, reliability, power,etc.).

FIG. 18 shows an example of frequency ranges for cells and wirelessresources (e.g., network slices). One or more carrier frequency rangesof a cell, uplink of the cell, and/or downlink of the cell, may (or maynot) be overlapped with a frequency range supported by a network slice.A carrier frequency range of a cell or an uplink of the cell maypartially overlap a frequency range supported by a network slice. In afirst example (e.g., example 1), a carrier frequency range (1801A) of acell (e.g., cell1 or uplink of cell1) may not be overlapping with afrequency range supported by a network slice (1801B). A wireless devicethat requires the network slice may not select the cell1 (or the uplinkof cell1), for example, if the carrier frequency range of the cell isnot overlapping with a frequency range supported by the network slice.In a second example (e.g., example 2), a carrier frequency range (1802A)of a cell (e.g., cell2 or uplink of cell2) may be partially overlapswith a frequency range supported by a network slice (1802B). A wirelessdevice that requires the network slice may (or may not) select the cell(e.g., cell2 or uplink of cell2), for example, based on an overlappingportion, a non-overlapping portion, and/or a cell selection policy. In athird example (e.g., example 3), a carrier frequency range (1803A) of acell (e.g., cell3 or uplink of cell3) may be included in a frequencyrange supported by a network slice (1803B). A wireless device thatrequires the network slice may select the cell (e.g., select cell3), forexample, if the carrier frequency range of the cell is within afrequency range supported by the network slice. In a fourth example(e.g., example 4), a carrier frequency range (1804A) of a cell (e.g.,cell4 or uplink of cell4) may comprise a frequency range supported by anetwork slice (1804B). A wireless device that requires the network slicemay (or may not) select the cell (e.g., cell4 or uplink of cell4), forexample, based on an overlapping portion, a non-overlapping portion,and/or a cell selection policy. Although a frequency range supporting anetwork slice (e.g., 1804B) may be completely within the carrierfrequency range (e.g., 1804A) of a cell (e.g., cell4 or uplink ofcell4), the cell region may support additional frequencies that may notbe available for supporting the network slice. A base station that mayassign resources to a cell (or uplink of a cell) may include otherfrequencies that may be unused and/or unsupported by the network slice.

A wireless device may perform measurements for cell selection and/orreselection purposes. A wireless device may use parameters provided bythe serving cell and/or for the final check on cell selection criterion,and/or a wireless device may use parameters provided by a target cellfor cell reselection, for example, when evaluating characteristics(e.g., Srxlev and/or Squal) of non-serving cells for reselectionevaluation purposes. A device (e.g., a NAS device) may control a RAT inwhich the cell selection may be performed, for example, by indicatingRAT(s) associated with a selected PLMN, and/or by maintaining a list offorbidden registration area(s) and a list of equivalent PLMNs. Awireless device may determine/select a suitable cell based on an RRCidle and/or an RRC inactive state measurements and/or cell selectioncriteria. Information (e.g., stored information) for several RATs, ifavailable, may be used by the wireless device, for example, in order toexpedite the cell selection process.

A wireless device may search (e.g., regularly search) for a better cellaccording to cell reselection criteria, for example, even if the cell isalready using (e.g., camped on) a cell. A cell may be selected, forexample, if the cell is determined to be better than a cell currentlybeing used. A change of cell may imply/indicate a change of RAT. A NASlayer may be informed if the cell selection and reselection result inchanges in received system information relevant for NAS. A wirelessdevice may use (e.g., camp on) a suitable cell (e.g., for normalservice), and/or may monitor control channel(s) of that cell so that thewireless device may: receive system information from a PLMN; receiveregistration area information from a PLMN (e.g., tracking areainformation); receive other AS and NAS Information; receive paging andnotification messages from the PLMN (e.g., if registered); initiatetransfer to Connected mode; and/or the like.

Measurement quantity of a cell may depend on wireless deviceimplementation, for example, for cell selection in multi-beamoperations. A measurement quantity of a cell may be derived from amongstbeams corresponding to the same cell based on SS/PBCH block, forexample, for cell reselection in multi-beam operations, such asinter-RAT reselection from E-UTRA to NR. A measurement quantity of acell may be derived from amongst beams corresponding to the same cell,such as follows: If nrofSS-BlocksToAverage (maxRS-IndexCellQual inE-UTRA) is not configured in SIB2/SIB4 (SIB24 in E-UTRA); or ifabsThreshSS-BlocksConsolidation (threshRS-Index in E-UTRA) is notconfigured in SIB2/SIB4 (SIB24 in E-UTRA); and/or if the highest beammeasurement quantity value is below or equal toabsThreshSS-BlocksConsolidation (threshRS-Index in E-UTRA): a wirelessdevice may derive a cell measurement quantity as the highest beammeasurement quantity value. If nrofSS-BlocksToAverage(maxRS-IndexCellQual in E-UTRA) is configured in SIB2/SIB4 (SIB24 inE-UTRA); or if absThreshSS-BlocksConsolidation (threshRS-Index inE-UTRA) is configured in SIB2/SIB4 (SIB24 in E-UTRA); and/or if thehighest beam measurement quantity value is greater thanabsThreshSS-BlocksConsolidation (threshRS-Index in E-UTRA): a wirelessdevice may derive a cell measurement quantity as the linear average ofthe power values of up to nrofSS-BlocksToAverage (maxRS-IndexCellQual inE-UTRA) of highest beam measurement quantity values aboveabsThreshSS-BlocksConsolidation (threshRS-Index in E-UTRA).

Cell selection may be performed by one or more procedures. Cellselection may be performed by one or more of the following procedures(e.g., cell selection procedure; determining whether a cell selectioncriterion is fulfilled). An initial cell selection procedure (e.g., if awireless device has no prior knowledge of which RF channels are NRfrequencies) may comprise one or more of the following: a wirelessdevice may scan RF channels in bands (e.g., NR bands or any other bands)according to wireless device capabilities to find a suitable cell; awireless device may (e.g., may need to) search for a strongest cell on afrequency/frequencies; and/or if a suitable cell is found, that cell maybe selected. Cell selection by leveraging stored information maycomprise one or more of the following; a procedure may requireinformation (e.g., stored information) of frequencies and/or informationon cell parameters from previously received measurement controlinformation elements and/or from previously detected cells; if thewireless device has found a suitable cell, the wireless device mayselect it; and/or if no suitable cell is found, the initial cellselection procedure in may be started.

Priorities may (or may not) be used in cell selection. Prioritiesbetween different frequencies or RATs provided to a wireless device(e.g. a UE) by system information or dedicated signaling may (or maynot) be used in cell selection. A cell selection criterion S may besatisfied/fulfilled if: Srxlev>0 AND Squal>0, where:Srxlev=Qrxlevmeas−(Qrxlevmin+Qrxlevminoffset)−Pcompensation−Qoffsettemp,and/or Squal=Qqualmeas−(Qqualmin+Qqualminoffset)−Qoffsettemp. Srxlev maycomprise a cell selection RX level value (dB). Squal may comprise a cellselection quality value (dB). Qoffsettemp may comprise an offsettemporarily applied to a cell (dB). Qrxlevmeas may comprise a measuredcell RX level value (RSRP). Qqualmeas may comprise a measured cellquality value (RSRQ). Qrxlevmin may comprise a minimum required RX levelin a cell (dBm). Qrxlevmin may be obtained from q-RxLevMinSUL, ifpresent, in SIB1, SIB2 and SIB4, For example, if a wireless devicesupports SUL frequency for a cell. A cell specific offset may be addedto the corresponding Qrxlevmin (e.g., to achieve a required minimum RXlevel in a concerned cell), for example, if QrxlevminoffsetcellSUL ispresent in SIB3 and SIB4 for the concerned cell. IfQrxlevminoffsetcellSUL is not present in SIB3 and SIB4 for the concernedcell Qrxlevmin may be obtained from q-RxLevMin in SIB1, SIB2 and SIB4. Acell specific offset may be added to a corresponding Qrxlevmin (e.g., toachieve a required minimum RX level in a concerned cell), for example,if Qrxlevminoffsetcell is present in SIB3 and SIB4 for a concerned cell.Qqualmin may comprise a minimum required quality level in the cell (dB).A cell specific offset may be added (e.g., to achieve a required minimumquality level in a concerned cell), for example, if Qqualminoffsetcellis a signal for a concerned cell. Qrxlevminoffset may be an offset to asignal Qrxlevmin taken into account in the Srxlev evaluation as a resultof a periodic search for a higher priority PLMN while using (e.g.,camped normally in) a VPLMN. Qqualminoffset may comprise an offset to asignal Qqualmin taken into account in the Squal evaluation as a resultof a periodic search for a higher priority PLMN while using (e.g.,camped normally in) a VPLMN. Pcompensation may comprise, for FR1, (e.g.,if a wireless device supports a additional Pmax in an NR-NS-PmaxList, ifpresent), in SIB1, SIB2 and SIB4: max(PEMAX1−PPowerClass,0)−(min(PEMAX2, PPowerClass)−min(PEMAX1, PPowerClass)) (dB); else:max(PEMAX1−PPowerClass, 0) (dB). Pcompensation may be set to 0, forexample, for FR2. PEMAX1 and/or PEMAX2 may be a maximum transmit (TX)power level of a wireless device and/or may be used when sending (e.g.,transmitting) via an uplink in a cell (e.g., in dBm) which may bedefined as PEMAX. PEMAX1 and/or PEMAX2 may be obtained from a p-Max forSUL in SIB1 and/or NR-NS-PmaxList for SUL respectively in SIB1, SIB2,and/or SIB4, for example, if a wireless device supports an SUL frequencyfor a cell. PEMAX1 and/or PEMAX2 may be obtained from a p-Max andNR-NS-PmaxList respectively in SIB1, SIB2, and/or SIB4 for a normal UL,for example, if a wireless device does not support an SUL frequency fora cell. PPowerClass may comprise a maximum RF output power of a wirelessdevice (dBm) according to a wireless device power class.

Signal values Qrxlevminoffset and Qqualminoffset may be applied when acell is evaluated for cell selection as a result of a periodic searchfor a higher priority PLMN (e.g., if/while using, or camped normally in,a VPLMN). A wireless device may check an S criteria of a cell usingparameter values stored from a different cell of a higher priority PLMN,for example, during a periodic search for higher priority PLMN.

Absolute priorities of different frequencies (e.g., NR or inter-RATfrequencies) may be provided to a wireless device in system information,in an RRCRelease message, and/or by inheriting from another RAT atinter-RAT cell (re)selection. In the case of system information, afrequency (e.g., NR or inter-RAT frequency) may belisted/provided/indicated without a priority (e.g., a fieldcellReselectionPriority may be absent for that frequency). A wirelessdevice may ignore priorities provided in system information, forexample, if priorities are provided in dedicated signaling. If Awirelessdevice may apply priorities provided by system information from currentcell, and/or the wireless device may preserve priorities provided bydedicated signaling and/or deprioritisationReq received in RRCRelease,for example, if the wireless device is using (e.g., camped on) any cellstate. A wireless device may consider/determine a current frequency tobe the lowest priority frequency (e.g., lower than any of networkconfigured values), for example, if/when the wireless device is in astate (e.g., in a camped normally state) that has dedicated prioritiesother than for a current frequency.

A wireless device may perform cell reselection evaluation forfrequencies (e.g. NR and/or inter-RAT frequencies) that may be given insystem information and/or for which the wireless device has a priorityprovided. In case a wireless device receives RRCRelease withdeprioritisationReq, the wireless device may consider/determine currentfrequency and stored frequencies due to a previously received RRCReleasewith deprioritisationReq or frequencies (e.g., NR frequencies) to be thelowest priority frequency (e.g., lower than network configured values)while a timer (e.g., T325) is running irrespective of camped RAT. Awireless device may delete/remove a stored deprioritisation request(s),for example, if/when a PLMN selection is performed on request by NAS. Awireless device may search for a higher priority layer for cellreselection, for example, after a change of priority.

A wireless device may delete/remove priorities provided by dedicatedsignaling if/when: the wireless device enters a different RRC state; anoptional validity time of dedicated priorities (e.g., T320) expires; thewireless device receives an RRCRelease message with a field (e.g.,cellReselectionPriorities) being absent; a PLMN selection is performedon request by NAS; and/or the like. Equal priorities between RATs may(or may not) be supported.

A wireless device may not consider/determine black listed cells ascandidates for cell reselection. A wireless device in an idle state(e.g., RRC_IDLE state) may inherit priorities provided by dedicatedsignaling and/or a remaining validity time (e.g., T320 in NR and/orE-UTRA), if configured, at inter-RAT cell (re)selection. A network mayassign dedicated cell reselection priorities, for example, forfrequencies not configured by system information.

A wireless device may limit required measurements (e.g., by followingone or more rules/procedures). If a serving cell fulfils/satisfiesSrxlev>SIntraSearchP and Squal>SIntraSearchQ, a wireless device maychoose/determine not to perform intra-frequency measurements. If aserving cell does not fulfil/does not satisfy Srxlev>SIntraSearchP andSqual>SIntraSearchQ, a wireless device may perform intra-frequencymeasurements. A wireless device may apply the following rules forfrequencies (e.g., NR inter-frequencies and inter-RAT frequencies) whichmay be indicated in system information (e.g., for which a wirelessdevice has priority provided). A wireless device may performmeasurements of higher priority NR inter-frequency or inter-RATfrequencies, for example, a NR inter-frequency or inter-RAT frequencywith a reselection priority higher than a reselection priority of acurrent NR frequency. For a NR inter-frequency measurement with an equalor lower reselection priority than a reselection priority of a currentNR frequency and for inter-RAT frequency measurement with lowerreselection priority than a reselection priority of the current NRfrequency: if a serving cell fulfils/satisfies Srxlev>SnonIntraSearchPand Squal>SnonIntraSearchQ, a wireless device may choose not to performmeasurements of NR inter-frequencies or inter-RAT frequency cells ofequal or lower priority; if a serving cell does not fulfil/does notsatisfy Srxlev>SnonIntraSearchP and Squal>SnonIntraSearchQ, a wirelessdevice may perform measurements of NR inter-frequencies or inter-RATfrequency cells of equal or lower priority.

A wireless device may communicate with a base station via a cell. A cellmay be determined/selected for wireless communications based on as aquality of a received signal (e.g., received power) and/or aconfiguration (e.g., frequency range(s) of the cell and/or of the basestation). One or more links/channels (e.g., uplink, downlink,supplementary link etc.) may be selected/determined for wirelesscommunications, for example, based on one or more criteria (e.g.,frequency, latency, throughput, received power, capacity, etc). Awireless device may be required to perform cell selection/reselection(e.g., to communicate with a base station in a cell, forroaming/handover to a new cell, etc.). Cell selection may be based onwhether a coverage area of a cell provides communications to thewireless device that satisfy a power level/threshold (e.g., RSRP) and/ora quality threshold (e.g., RSRQ) that may be based on a location of thewireless device (e.g., within the cell). A wireless device maydetermine/select (or not select) a particular cell for communicationwith a base station, for example, based on the power level/threshold. Awireless device may determine/select a cell based on a received power ofa downlink signal via the cell. A wireless device may determine tocommunicate using certain wireless resources (e.g., network slice(s)and/or any other wireless resources) that may require a particularconfiguration of a cell (e.g., frequency range(s)) of communicationlink(s)). Cell selection based on only a quality of a received signal(e.g., received power) may lead to a wireless device selecting a cellthat does not sufficiently serve a particular requirement of thewireless device. Cell selection may be improved by determining whether acell has a configuration that is capable of serving certain wirelessresources associated with a wireless device before that cell isselected. For example, a wireless device may select a cell based onwhether a communication link in the cell (e.g., a normal uplink, asupplementary uplink, a downlink, and/or any other link) has aconfiguration (e.g., operates within certain frequency range(s)) thatsupports use of certain wireless resources (e.g., network slices(s)and/or any other wireless resources) that may be required for use by thewireless device, such as for a particular service or communication. Awireless resource (e.g., network slice(s)) may be associated with a typeof service/communication (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, and/or any other type ofservice/communication). A wireless device may require the wirelessresource (e.g., network slice(s)) for wireless communications associatedwith the type of service/communication. By determining/selecting a cellbased on a capability of the cell to accommodate the wireless resource(e.g., based on the cell having a frequency/frequencies, or frequencyrange(s), available on a communication link for servicing a networkslice), improvements may be achieved such as improved service, reducedlikelihood of cell handover, and/or increased efficiency.

A wireless device may require a network slice (e.g., for one or moreservices). The wireless device may supports limited frequencies. A cellmay comprise multiple uplinks that use a different frequency spectrum,for example, an NUL and and an SUL (and/or any other link, such as anuplink, a downlink, and/or a downlink/uplink). A wireless device may notbe able to send (e.g., transmit) packets associated with a network slicevia the cell if a frequency of a selected uplink among the multipleuplinks does not support the network slice, for example, if a wirelessdevice uses a cell comprising multiple uplinks. Service interruptionsand/or service delays of a wireless device using a network slice may beincreased, for example, if cell selection fails to sufficiently accountfor requirements of a wireless device (e.g., a wireless resource such asa network slice, a service associated with wireless communications,and/or the like).

A wireless device may be located in a first cell. The first cell may beconfigured with a first communication link (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL)or any other uplink and/or downlink). The first cell may be configuredwith a second communication link (e.g., a supplementary uplink (SUL),NUL, or any other uplink and/or downlink). The wireless device maydetermine to communicate data/information/packets associated with awireless resource (e.g., a network slice). The wireless device maymeasure the first cell to determine whether a received power satisfied(e.g., is equal to or larger than) a power value for selection betweenthe first communication link or the second communication link. If thewireless device determines that the wireless resource (e.g., the networkslice) supports the frequency/frequencies (or frequency range(s)) of thefirst communication link (e.g., if selection criteria is satisfied), thewireless device may select/determine the first cell. The wireless devicemay select/determine the first cell, for example, for a random accessprocedure to establish wireless communications (e.g., with a basestation) via the cell. If the wireless device determines that thewireless resource (e.g., the network slice) does not support thefrequency/frequencies (or frequency range(s)) of the first communicationlink (e.g., if selection criteria is not satisfied), the wireless devicemay not select (or may determine not to select) the first cell, or thewireless device may deprioritize (or determine to deprioritize) thefirst cell relative to one or more other cells that may be available.The wireless device may select/determine a second cell (or anothercell), for example, for a random access procedure to establish wirelesscommunications (e.g., with another base station) via the second cell.The wireless device may select/determine the second cell, for example,based on the second cell supporting the frequency/frequencies (orfrequency range(s)) of a communication link via the second cell, such asfor supporting the wireless resource (eg, network slice(s)). Thewireless device may select/determine the second cell rather than thefirst cell, for example, even if a received power (e.g., RSRP) and/orquality (e.g., RSRQ) associated with the second cell is less than athreshold and/or less than a received power (e.g., RSRP) and/or quality(e.g., RSRQ) associated with the second cell.

A wireless device may select a cell based on one or more frequencies ofa link such as an uplink (e.g., NUL and/or SUL) of the cell. Thewireless device may select a cell to use a wireless resource such as anetwork slice. Depending on an uplink frequency that may be used at acell, a wireless device may determine whether to select the cell to usea network slice. A wireless device may select a link (e.g., an uplink, adownlink, an uplink/downlink, etc.) of a cell based on frequencies oflinks (e.g., NUL and/or SUL) of the cell to use a network slice. Awireless device may select an SUL to use a network slice, for example,if an NUL is available. A wireless device may receive configurationparameters indicating at least one uplink (e.g., NUL and/or SUL) thatmay be allowed to use for transmission of transport blocks of/on alogical channel that may be associated with a network slice. A wirelessdevice may determine whether to use a granted radio resource of a link(e.g., an SUL or an NUL) to send (e.g., transmit) a transport blockassociated with a logical channel By performing cell selection asdescribed herein, advantages may result such as reduced serviceinterruptions and/or service delays, and/or increased servicereliability of a wireless device and/or of wireless devices.

A wireless device may be in an idle state (e.g., RRC idle state). Awireless device may be in an inactive state (e.g., RRC inactive state).A wireless device may be located in one or more coverage regionsserviced by a base station. The coverage regions may be determined bycell selection criteria, for example, based on a relationship of areceived power in that region, a location of the wireless device, and/ora value of a power value relative to a threshold. A wireless device maymonitor cells to select a cell and/or use (e.g., camp on) the cell forwireless communications, for example, if the wireless device is in anidle or inactive state, such as an RRC idle state or an RRC inactivestate. The wireless device may perform a random access procedure on theselected cell to establish an RRC connection and/or may monitor pagingoccasions on the selected cell to receive a core network paging and/or aRAN paging. The monitored cells and/or the selected cells (e.g., and/ora frequency band of the monitored cells and/or the selected cells) maysupport one or more wireless resources, such as network slices, and/ormay not support some wireless resources (e.g., network slices). One ormore uplinks (e.g., NUL, SUL, etc.) of the monitored cells and/or theselected cells (e.g., and/or a frequency band of the one or more uplinksof the monitored cells and/or the selected cells) may support one ormore network slices and/or may not support some network slices. Thewireless device may be located in a coverage area of a first cell (e.g.,cell1) and/or coverage area of a second cell (e.g., cell2). The firstcell may be served, operated, and/or controlled by a base station. Thesecond cell may be served by the base station and/or by a second basestation.

FIG. 19 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device. Awireless device 1910 may select a cell based on determining an uplink,and/or a network slice or other wireless resource, that the wirelessdevice 1910 may require for wireless communications. While threecoverage areas are shown, any quantity of coverage areas may be used. Afirst coverage area (1920) may correspond to a first link (e.g., NUL)using a first frequency (e.g., frequency1) in a first cell associatedwith a base station (1905). A second coverage area (1930) may correspondto a second link (e.g., SUL) using a second frequency (e.g., frequency2)in the first cell associated with the base station (1905). A thirdcoverage area (1915) may correspond to a third link (e.g., NUL, SUL, orany other uplink) using a third frequency (e.g., frequency3) in a secondcell (e.g., that may be associated with another base station (notshown)). The wireless device 1910 may determine to communicate (e.g.,send/receive packets) associated with a network slice (e.g., networkslice1). The network slice may be restricted to a frequency range. Thewireless device 1910 may receive (e.g., from the base station 1905) asystem information block of a first cell (e.g., cell1), for example, asstep 1925. The system information block may comprise a power threshold(e.g., power value, RSRP-threshold, etc.) for selection between a firstuplink (e.g., an NUL) and a second uplink (e.g., an SUL). The wirelessdevice 1910 may perform a random access procedure via a second cell(e.g., at step 1915) based on: a received power of the first cell beingequal to or smaller than the power threshold; and/or at least a portionof the second uplink of the first cell not being within the frequencyrange. The wireless device 1910 may select the second cell (e.g., cell2)for a network slice (e.g., network slice1), for example, if the wirelessdevice 1910 determines that the received power of the first cell (e.g.,cell1) is equal to or smaller than the power value. The wireless devicemay send (e.g., transmit) one or more transport blocks associated withthe network slice via the second cell. Received power (e.g., 1940) intwo cells (e.g., cell 1 and cell 2) is shown relative to a location(e.g., 1950) of a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 1910)within each cell. The received power (e.g., 1940) for each cell (e.g.,cell1 and cell2) may correspond to a wireless device's location (e.g.,1950), and/or distance, from a base station (e.g., base station 1905). Apower value/threshold (e.g., 1960) may be used to determine whether thewireless device (e.g., the wireless device 1910) selects a first cell(e.g., cell1) and/or a second cell (e.g., cell2). For example, if thewireless device is located within the first cell and determines areceived power (e.g., 1940) above a threshold, such as if the wirelessdevice is located (e.g., based on location 1950 being at or to the leftof location 1970) in the first cell and has a received power 1940 alongthe cell1 curve that is greater than the power value 1960, the wirelessdevice may select the first cell. If the wireless device is locatedwithin the second cell and determines a received power (e.g., 1940)above a threshold, such as if the wireless device is located (e.g.,based on location 1950 at or to the right of location 1980) in thesecond cell and has a received power 1940 along the cell2 curve that isgreater than the power value 1960, the wireless device may select thesecond cell. Cell selection may be based on determining that a receivedpower from a first cell is smaller than a threshold and that an SUL doesnot support a network slice. The first cell using the second frequency(e.g., frequency2) may not be supported (e.g., indicated by the dottedline for the second coverage area 1930) by the network slice (e.g.,network slice1). In the third coverage area (1915), the wireless devicemay have a received power from the first cell (e.g., associated with/ofcell1, from the base station 1905) greater than the received power ofthe second cell (e.g., cell2). The wireless device may select the secondcell (e.g., cell2 using frequency3), for example, based on the wirelessdevice determining a received power of from the second cell greater thanthe received power from the first cell. The second cell (e.g., cell2)may be selected (and/or the first cell may not be selected) for thenetwork slice (e.g., network slice1), for example, based on the firstcell having an SUL (e.g., cell1's SUL) using a frequency (e.g.,frequency2) that may not be supported (e.g., shown as a dotted line). Acell selection procedure may require that a cell (e.g., cell2) using thefrequency of an SUL (e.g., frequency3) is selected even if the receivedpower (or threshold power value) for another cell (e.g., cell1) may begreater than the selected cell (e.g., cell2), for example, if a basestation of the non-selected cell (e.g., cell1 base station 1905) doesnot support the network slice that contains non-selected cell's SUL(e.g., cell1's SUL using frequency2). The wireless device 1910 mayselect the next best available cell coverage region (e.g., 1915) thatmay service the network slice (e.g., cell2 using frequency3).

The wireless device may determine to communicate packets associated witha network slice (e.g., network slice1). The wireless device may be in anRRC idle state or in an RRC inactive state at a time that the wirelessdevice determines to use the network slice. Determining whether tocommunicate packets/data/information associated with a network slice maycomprise at least one of: determining to start/initiate a serviceassociated with the network slice; receiving, by a lower layer (e.g.,NAS, RRC, MAC, etc.) of the wireless device from a higher layer (e.g.,application layer) of the wireless device, an indication of initiationof a service/session associated with the network slice; receiving, bythe wireless device, a paging message and/or a paging indication, and orthe like. The paging indication may indicate at least one of: thenetwork slice; the frequency range; a list of carrier/cell associatedwith the frequency range and/or the network slice; and/or the like.

Determining to communicate packets associated with a network slice maycomprise one or more of generating, buffering, and/or queuing data orone or more packets associated with the network slice to send (e.g.,transmit). The data of one or more packets associated with the networkslice may relate to a packet flow (e.g., a PDU session, a QoS flow, abearer, a logical channel, etc.) associated with the network slice.

A network slice may be restricted to a frequency range (e.g., FR2, 5.8GHz 8.1 GHz, 7 GHz, and/or any other frequencies/frequency range(s)),such as described herein with respect to FIG. 17 and/or FIG. 18. Anetwork slice may not be supported/served via at least some otherfrequency ranges. The wireless device may receive, from a network (e.g.,base station, AMF, core network node, etc.), one or more parametersindicating one or more frequency ranges that the network slice supports(e.g., is restricted to). The wireless device may be configured (e.g.,pre-configured) with the frequency range that the network slice supports(e.g., is restricted to). The configuration (e.g., pre-configuration) ofthe frequency range of the network slice may be configured within asubscriber identification module (SIM) card and/or a memory of thewireless device.

A wireless device may receive a system information block (SIB) (e.g.,one or more SIBs, etc.) of a first cell (e.g., cell1). The wirelessdevice may receive the SIB via the first cell. The SIB (e.g., the one ormore SIB s) may comprise a power threshold (e.g., power value,RSRP-threshold, rsrp-ThresholdSSB-SUL, etc.) for selection between afirst uplink (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL)) and a second uplink (e.g., asupplementary uplink (SUL)) (or any other uplinks, downlinks, and/oruplink(s)/downlink(s)). The SIB may c SIB1. The SIB may comprise aserving cell configuration common SIB (e.g., ServingCellConfigCommonSIB)that may comprise an uplink configuration common SIB (e.g.,UplinkConfigCommonSIB). The SIB and/or the uplink configuration commonSIB may comprise a bandwidth part uplink common (e.g., BWP-UplinkCommon)that may comprise a RACH configuration common (e.g., RACH-ConfigCommon).The RACH configuration common may comprise the power threshold (e.g.,rsrp-ThresholdSSB-SUL). The power threshold may be applied to one ormore BWPs of the first cell. The power threshold may indicate a RSRPrange (e.g., RSRP-Range, power range value). The power threshold mayindicate an integer value that may be mapped to a configured (e.g.,pre-configured) table, such as in dB and/or dBm unit (e.g., −141dBM˜−140 dBM, or any other value). The power threshold may indicate apower value (e.g., −150 dBM or any other value). The SIB may indicatethat the wireless device may select the second uplink, for example, if areceived power (e.g., RSRP) for the first cell is smaller than or equalto the power threshold. The SIB may indicate that the wireless devicemay select the first uplink, for example, if a received power (e.g.,RSRP) for the first cell is larger than or equal to the power threshold.

The wireless device may measure a received signal (e.g., RSRP and/orRSRQ) via the first cell. The wireless device may monitor one or morereference signals (e.g., synchronization signal) of the first cell. Thewireless device may receive reference signal configuration informationof the one or more reference signals via at least one SIB from a basestation that serves/operates/controls the first cell. The referencesignal configuration information may comprise scheduling parameters(e.g., indicating transmission timing, periodicity, offset, frequency,etc.) of the one or more reference signals. The wireless device maymonitor the one or more reference signals based on the reference signalconfiguration information. The wireless device may combine/average oneor more received powers (e.g., or qualities) of the one or morereference signals. The wireless device may determine the RSRP (and/orRSRQ) of the first cell based on the combined received power (and/orquality) of the one or more reference signals. The RSRP determined basedon the combined received power (and/or quality) of the one or morereference signals may be a received power of the first cell.

The wireless device may determine that the received power and/or quality(e.g., the RSRP and/or the RSRQ) of the first cell may be equal to orsmaller than the power/quality threshold. The received power/quality ofthe first cell being equal to or smaller than the power/qualitythreshold may indicate that the wireless device may select the seconduplink (e.g., the supplementary uplink) for uplink transmissions via thefirst cell. Based on the wireless device determining whether thereceived power of the first cell is equal to or smaller than the powerthreshold and/or based on the SIB, the wireless device may determine,know, or realize that the wireless device may use the second uplink fora random access (e.g., to send a random access preamble for the randomaccess). The second uplink may not support the network slice (e.g.,network slice1 in FIG. 19), for example, even if the wireless deviceselects the first cell (e.g., cell1 in FIG. 19). Based on the wirelessdevice determining whether the received power of the first cell beingequal to or smaller than the power threshold and/or based on the SIB,the wireless device may expect or forecast that the base stationserving, operating, or controlling the first cell may configure thewireless device to use the second uplink (e.g., which does not supportthe network slice), after a random access procedure via the first cell.If the wireless device performs a random access procedure via the firstcell and/or establishes a connection (e.g., RRC connection) via thefirst cell, the base station that serves, operates, or controls thefirst cell may configure the wireless device to use the second uplink(e.g., the supplementary uplink) for a reliable radio condition based ona low frequency of the second uplink. For example, based on ameasurement report (e.g., CSI report, RRC measurement report, SRS, etc.)indicating the received power of the wireless device that is equal to orsmaller than the power threshold, a frequency band of the first uplinkmay have high path loss and/or unreliable radio condition. The wirelessdevice with the received power of the first cell being equal to orsmaller than the power threshold may not have a reliable uplinkconnection via the first uplink of the first cell.

The wireless device may not select the first cell, to use (e.g., campon), based on one or more of: the received power/quality (e.g., RSRPand/or RSRQ) of the first cell being equal to or smaller than thepower/quality threshold; and/or at least a portion of the second uplink(e.g., the supplementary uplink) not being within the frequency range(e.g., as described with respect to FIG. 19). The wireless devicenot-selecting the first cell may be based on a cell selection criterionbeing fulfilled/satisfied for the first cell. The wireless device maynot select the first cell if the cell selection criterion isfulfilled/satisfied for the first cell, for example, due to the receivedpower of the first cell being equal to or smaller than the powerthreshold and/or due to at least a partial frequency band of the seconduplink of the first cell not supporting the network slice.

A wireless device may deprioritize a cell. For example, the wirelessdevice may deprioritize a first cell, to use (e.g., camp on), based on:the received power (e.g., RSRP and/or RSRQ) of the first cell beingequal to or smaller than the power threshold; and/or at least a portionof the second uplink (e.g., the supplementary uplink) not being withinthe frequency range (e.g., at least a portion of frequency band of thesecond uplink being not supported by the network slice). Deprioritizingthe first cell may comprise applying a negative weight value forselecting the first cell. Deprioritizing the first cell may compriseapplying a negative weight value for the first cell during the cellselection procedure of the wireless device. A wireless device maymonitor a plurality of cells and/or compare received power for theplurality of cells (e.g., cell1 and cell2). The wireless device mayintroduce a weighted value (e.g., a negative or positive value)consistent with the selection criteria, network conditions, throughput,quality of service, and/or the like, for example, if the powercomparison yield values that are close in magnitude. If the differencebetween the received powers is substantial (e.g., greater than athreshold), then introducing a weighted value may not impact which cellis selected. The weighted value may be negative to reflect that a basestation does not support a network slice for a cell (e.g., base station1905 does not support the network slice1 for cell1's SUL usingfrequency2), which may lead to the cell not being selected (or the cellbeing less likely to be selected).

At least a portion of an uplink (e.g., a supplementary uplink) maycomprise at least one of: any frequency portion of a second uplink; orall frequency portion of a second uplink (e.g., as shown in examples ofcell1, cell2, and/or cell 4 in FIG. 18). The SIB may comprise a carrierfrequency range of at least one of: the first cell; a downlink of thefirst cell; the first uplink of the first cell; the supplementary uplinkof the second cell; and/or the like. One or more SIBs (e.g., the SIBand/or the SIB1) may indicate frequency ranges of the first uplinkand/or the second uplink of the first cell. A wireless device mayreceive the one or more SIBs. A wireless device may determine, based onthe frequency ranges indicated in the one or more SIBs, whether thesecond uplink of the first cell supports the network slice and/orwhether to select the first cell. One or more SIBs (e.g., the SIB and/orthe SIB1) may indicate at least one first network slice that the firstuplink of the first cell supports and/or at least one second networkslice that the second uplink supports. The wireless device may receivethe one or more SIBs. The wireless device may determine whether the atleast one first network slice comprises the network slice and/or whetherthe at least one second network slice comprises the network slice. Thewireless device may determine whether to select the first cell based onthe at least one first network slice of the first uplink and/or based onthe at least one second network slice of the second uplink. The wirelessdevice may determine to not select the first cell based on the at leastone second network slice of the second uplink not comprising the networkslice when the received power of the first cell being is smaller than orequal to the power threshold.

The wireless device may be using (e.g., may have camped on) the firstcell for wireless communications. The wireless device may determine toperform a cell reselection based on one or more of: determining tocommunicate packets associated with a network slice; received power of qcell being equal to or smaller than the power threshold; at least aportion of q second uplink (e.g., q supplementary uplink) not beingwithin q frequency range; at least one second network slice of a seconduplink not comprising the network slice; and/or the like. Performing therandom access procedure via the second cell may be based on cellreselection.

A wireless device may select/determine a second cell based on notselecting a first cell. A wireless device may perform a random accessprocedure via a second cell based on one or more of: a received power ofthe first cell being equal to or smaller than the power threshold; atleast a portion of the second uplink of the first cell not being withinthe frequency range of the network slice; the at least one secondnetwork slice of the second uplink not comprising the network slice;and/or the like. The network slice may support a frequency of the secondcell. At least a portion of the second cell may be within the frequencyrange. The wireless device may receive one or more second SIBs (e.g.,via the second cell) indicating at least one of the frequencies of thesecond cell and/or a list of network slices that the second cell mayutilize. The network slices (e.g., the list of network slices) of thesecond cell comprise the network slice with which the wireless devicedetermined to communicate associated packets.

Performing a random access procedure via the second cell may be based ona cell selection criterion being fulfilled/satisfied for the first cell.The cell selection criterion may be based on the received power of thefirst cell. Performing the random access via the second cell may bebased on a cell selection criterion being fulfilled/satisfied for thesecond cell.

After a random access procedure via a cell, a wireless device may send(e.g., transmit) transport blocks (e.g., packets) associated with anetwork slice via the cell. After the random access procedure via thecell, the wireless device may receive transport blocks (e.g., packets)associated with the network slice via the second cell.

FIG. 20 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device. Awireless device 2010 may select a cell (e.g., cell1). The wirelessdevice 2010 may select the first cell, for example, based on determiningan uplink, and/or a network slice, for the wireless device 2010 to use(e.g., that may be required for wireless communications by the wirelessdevice). A base station 2005 may support an uplink (e.g., cell1's NUL)using a first frequency (e.g., frequency1). The wireless device may belocated within an uplink's range (e.g., the NUL frequency range 2015). Asecond uplink (e.g., SUL) may use a second frequency (e.g., frequency2)that may not support the network slice. The wireless device 2010 may belocated in at least two coverage regions/areas comprising a firstregion/area (e.g., 2015) corresponding to the cell's first uplink usingthe first frequency (e.g., cell1's NUL using frequency1) and a secondregion/area (e.g., 2020) corresponding to the cell's second uplink usingthe second frequency (e.g., cell1's SUL using frequency2). The wirelessdevice 2010 may receive, from the base station 2005, a power value forselecting the first uplink and/or the second uplink (e.g., at step2030). The wireless device may determine a received power and/or thepower value. The wireless device 2010 may select the first cell (e.g.,at step 2035), and/or perform a random access via the first uplink(e.g., cell1's NUL (e.g., by sending or transmitting a random accesspreamble via the first uplink), for example, if the received power(e.g., RSRP and/or RSRQ) of the first cell satisfied (e.g., is equal toor larger than) a threshold and/or if at least a portion of the firstuplink is within the frequency range of the network slice. The wirelessdevice 2010 may select the first cell, for example, based on at leastone network slice of the first uplink comprising the network slice forthe wireless device 2010 (e.g., if the received power of the first cellis larger than or equal to the power threshold). The wireless device2010 may determine, based on the frequency range(s) indicated in one ormore SIBs received from base station 2005, that the first uplink of thefirst cell supports the network slice and/or that the wireless device2010 selects the first cell for the (e.g., network slice1). Based on therandom access procedure (e.g., a successful random access procedure) viathe first uplink (e.g., cell1's NUL), the wireless device 2010 maytransmit/receive, to/from the base station 2005 of the first cell (e.g.,via the cell and/or via the first uplink of the cell), transport blocks(e.g., at least one packet) associated with the network slice. Receivedpower (e.g., 2040) in the cell (e.g., cell1) is shown relative to alocation (e.g., 2050) of a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device2010) within the cell. The received power (e.g., 2040) for the cell(e.g., cell1) may correspond to a wireless device's location (e.g.,2050), and/or distance, from a base station (e.g., base station 2005).The wireless device 2010 may determine that a received power of a cell(e.g., cell1) satisfies (e.g., is equal to or greater than) a powervalue. The wireless device 2010 may select a cell (e.g., cell1) for anetwork slice (e.g., network slice1), for example, based on determiningthat the received power of the cell satisfies the power value. Forexample, if the wireless device is located within a cell and determinesa received power (e.g., 2040) from the cell above a threshold, such asif the wireless device is located (e.g., based on location 2050 being ator to the left of location 2080, such as at location 2070) in the celland has a received power 2040 along the cell1 curve that is greater thanthe power value 2060, the wireless device may select the cell (e.g.,because the NUL of the cell supports the network slice that the wirelessdevice needs). If the wireless device is located at a location in whichit determines a received power (e.g., 2040) from the cell below athreshold, such as if the wireless device is located (e.g., based onlocation 2050 at or to the right of location 2080) and has a receivedpower 2040 along the cell1 curve that is less than the power value 2060,the wireless device may not select the cell (e.g., because the SUL ofthe cell does not support the network slice that the wireless deviceneeds). The wireless device 2010 may be located within a coverageregion/area of a cell (e.g., cell1) and may be configured for a firstfrequency (e.g., NUL frequency1) that may be supported by the basestation 2005. The wireless device 2010 may be located within a coveragearea of a cell (e.g., cell1) and may not be configured for a secondfrequency (e.g., SUL frequency2) of the cell, such as the network slice(e.g., network slice1) may not be configured for the second frequency(e.g., SUL frequency2) of the cell. A coverage area/region (e.g.,cell1's SUL using frequency2) may not be used to extend cell coveragefor the wireless device to use the network slice (e.g., network slice1),for example, based on different frequencies of the coverage area/regionand the network slice. The wireless device 2010 may be located inanother coverage region/area (not shown) for a cell that may support thesame frequency/frequencies (and/or frequency range(s)) required by thenetwork slice (e.g., network slice1). The wireless device 2010 mayselect a cell comprising that other coverage region/area, for example,if that coverage region/area supports a communication link (e.g., anSUL) using the same frequency/frequencies (and/or frequency range(s))required by the network slice and/or if a received power associated withthe communication link satisfies a threshold (e.g., if a received poweris greater than or equal to a power threshold).

FIG. 21 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device. Awireless device 2110 may select a cell (e.g., cell1). The wirelessdevice 2110. May select an uplink of the cell. The wireless device 2210may select the cell and/or the uplink of the cell, for example, based ona network slice for the wireless device 2110 to use (e.g., that may berequired for wireless communications by the wireless device). A basestation 2105 may be located within a first uplink's range (e.g., the NULfrequency range 2120). The base station may 2105 may be located within asecond uplink's range (e.g., the SUL frequency range 2125). The firstuplink (e.g., NUL) of the cell (e.g., cell1) may not support/use thefrequency/frequencies (and/or frequency range(s)) of the network slice(e.g., shown by a dotted line for region/area 2120). The second uplink(e.g., SUL) of the cell (e.g., cell1) may support/use thefrequency/frequencies (and/or frequency range(s)) of the network slice(e.g., shown by a solid line for region/area 2125). Cell selectioncriteria may indicate/require that the wireless device 2110 select thesecond uplink (e.g., SUL) of the cell (e.g., cell1), for example, basedon the second uplink using (or being configured for) thefrequency/frequencies (and/or frequency range(s)) required for thenetwork slice (e.g., frequency2). The wireless device 2110 may receive asystem information block of the cell (e.g., cell1). The systeminformation block may comprise a power threshold (e.g., power value suchas power value 2160, RSRP threshold, RSRQ threshold, etc.) for selectionbetween at least one first uplink 2120 (e.g., an NUL) and one or moresecond uplinks 2125 (e.g., an SUL). The wireless device 2110 may beconfigured to select the first uplink 2120, for example, if a receivedpower of the cell is equal to or greater than the power threshold. Thewireless device 2110 may determine to communicate packets associatedwith the network slice, for example, via the first uplink 2120. Thewireless device 2110 may select the second uplink 2125, for example, ifthe received power of the cell is equal to or greater than the powervalue. The wireless device 2110 may select the second uplink 2125, forexample, based on the network slice not being supported by afrequency/frequencies of the first uplink 2120 (e.g., not beingsupported by at least a portion of the frequency/frequencies of thefirst uplink). The wireless device 2110 may send a random accesspreamble (e.g., at step 2130) via the second uplink 2125 of the cell fora random access procedure via the cell. The wireless device 2110 mayperform, via the cell, a random access procedure comprising sending arandom access preamble via the second uplink 2125 of the cell (e.g., atstep 2130). The wireless device 2110 may send (e.g., transmit) and/orreceive transport blocks (e.g., packets) associated with the networkslice via the second uplink 2125, for example, based on the randomaccess procedure (e.g., during and/or after a random access procedure).Received power (e.g., 2140) in the cell (e.g., cell1) is shown relativeto a location (e.g., 2150) of a wireless device (e.g., the wirelessdevice 2110) within the cell. The received power (e.g., 2140) for thecell (e.g., cell1) may correspond to a wireless device's location (e.g.,2150), and/or distance, from a base station (e.g., base station 2105).The wireless device may determine that a received power of a cell (e.g.,cell1) satisfies (e.g., is equal to or greater than) the power value.The wireless device 2110 may select a cell (e.g., cell1) for a networkslice (e.g., network slice1), for example, based on determining that thereceived power of the cell satisfies the power value. Physically, acoverage area of an NUL may comprise a coverage area of an SUL. Awireless device may use an NUL (e.g., based on a power value/threshold),for example, if the wireless device is located in the NUL coverage area.The wireless device may use an SUL (e.g., in the NUL coverage area), forexample, if the NUL does not support a network slice that the wirelessdevice needs. For example, if the wireless device is located within afirst coverage area (e.g., NUL area) of a cell, the wireless device mayselect a communication link in a second coverage area (e.g., SUL area)if a communication link in the first coverage area (e.g., NUL) does notsupport a network slice and if the communication link in the secondcoverage area (e.g., SUL) does support the network slice. The wirelessdevice may determine a received power (e.g., 2140) above a threshold,such as if the wireless device is located (e.g., based on location 2150being at or to the left of location 2180, such as at location 2170) inthe cell and has a received power 2140 along the cell1 curve that isgreater than the power value 2160. The wireless device may select thecell, for example, based on the received power being above the thresholdand based on at lease one of the communication links in at least onecoverage area (e.g., SUL of the SUL coverage area) supporting thenetwork slice. The wireless device may select the cell, for example, butuse the SUL (e.g., rather than the NUL) even if the wireless device maybe in the NUL area. If the wireless device is located at a location inwhich it determines a received power (e.g., 2140) below a threshold,such as if the wireless device is located (e.g., based on location 2150at or to the right of location 2180) and has a received power 2140 alongthe cell1 curve that is less than the power value 2160, the wirelessdevice may not select the cell (or the wireless device may select thecell but use the SUL that supports the network slice). The wirelessdevice 2110 may be located within a coverage area of a cell (e.g.,cell1) and may not be configured for a first frequency (e.g., NULfrequency1) of the cell, such as the network slice (e.g., network slice1) may not be configured for the first frequency (e.g., NUL frequency1)of the cell. A coverage area/region (e.g., cell1's SUL using frequency2)may be used to extend cell coverage for the wireless device to use thenetwork slice (e.g., network slice1), for example, based on the samefrequencies of the coverage area/region and the network slice. Thewireless device 2110 may select the cell (e.g., cell1), for example,based on at least one communication link (e.g., cell1's SUL usingfrequency2) supporting the network slice.

A wireless device may select a second (e.g., secondary/supplementary)uplink, for example, if a received power of a cell comprising the seconduplink1 is equal to or greater than the power value. The wireless devicemay select the second, for example, if the second uplink supports atleast one network slice of the wireless device (e.g., uses/supports afrequency/frequencies of the network slice). The wireless device mayselect the second uplink, for example, if the network slice does notsupporting a frequency/frequencies (e.g., at least a portion of thefrequency/frequencies) of a first (e.g., primary/normal) uplink. Thewireless device may be in an RRC idle state or in an RRC inactive state.The wireless device may ignore a power threshold for selecting thesecond uplink, for example, based on the network slice not supporting afrequency of the first uplink. Selecting the second uplink may be basedon the second uplink supporting the network slice. At least a portion ofthe second uplink may be within a frequency range to which the networkslice is restricted. At least a portion of the first uplink may not bewithin the frequency range for the network slice. The wireless devicemay select the second uplink, for example, based on at least a portionof the second uplink being within the frequency range of the networkslice and/or at least a portion of the first uplink not being within thefrequency range of the network slice.

The wireless device may measure an RSRP (e.g., and/or RSRQ) of one ormore cells. The wireless device may monitor one or more referencesignals (e.g., synchronization signal(s)) of the one or more cells. Thewireless device may determine that the received power (e.g., the RSRPand/or the RSRQ) of at least one cell is equal to or greater than thepower threshold for selection between a first uplink and at least asecond uplink of the at least one cell, such as shown in FIG. 21. Thereceived power of a cell being equal to or greater than the powerthreshold may indicate that the wireless device may select a firstuplink (e.g., a normal uplink) for uplink transmissions (e.g., randomaccess preamble transmission for a random access) via a first cell.Based on determining the received power of the first cell being equal toor greater than the power threshold and/or based on the SIB, thewireless device may determine, know, or realize that the wireless devicemay use the first uplink (e.g., the normal uplink), for a random accessprocedure (e.g., to send a random access preamble for the random accessprocedure), which may not support the network slice (e.g., networkslice1 in FIG. 21), for example, if the wireless device selects thefirst cell (e.g., cell1 in FIG. 21). Based on determining the receivedpower of the first cell being equal to or greater than the powerthreshold and/or based on the SIB, the wireless device may expect orforecast that a base station serving, operating, or controlling thefirst cell may configure the wireless device to use the first uplink,which may not support the network slice, after a random access procedureon the first cell via the first uplink. If the wireless device performsa random access via the first uplink of the first cell and/orestablishes a connection (e.g., RRC connection) via the first cell, thebase station that serves, operates, or controls the first cell mayconfigure the wireless device to use the first uplink (e.g., the normaluplink).

A wireless device may not select a first uplink of a first cell, for arandom access procedure on the first cell, based on one or more of: areceived power (e.g., RSRP and/or RSRQ) of the first cell being equal toor greater than a power threshold; and/or at least a portion of thefirst uplink (e.g., a normal uplink) not being within afrequency/frequency range of the network slice (e.g., as shown in FIG.20). A wireless device may not select the first uplink of the firstcell, for example, based on a cell selection criterion beingfulfilled/satisfied for the first cell. The wireless device may notselect the first uplink of the first cell, for example, if the receivedpower of the first cell is equal to or greater than the power thresholdand at least a partial frequency band of the first uplink of the firstcell does/may not the network slice. The at least a portion of the firstuplink (e.g., a normal uplink) may comprise at least one of: anyfrequency portion of the first uplink; or all frequency portion of thefirst uplink (e.g., as shown in examples of cell1, cell2, and/or cell 4in FIG. 18).

A SIB (e.g., the one or more SIBs, SIB1, etc.) may comprise a carrierfrequency range of at least one of: a first cell; a downlink of thefirst cell; a first uplink of the first cell; a second uplink of thesecond cell; and/or the like. The one or more SIBs (e.g., the SIB and/orthe SIB1) may indicate frequency ranges of the first uplink and/or thesecond uplink of the first cell. The wireless device may receive the oneor more SIBs. The wireless device may determine, based on the frequencyranges indicated in the one or more SIBs, whether the first uplink ofthe first cell supports the network slice and/or whether to select/usethe first uplink of first cell for a random access. The wireless devicemay determine, based on the frequency ranges indicated in the one ormore SIBs, that the first uplink (e.g., a portion or all of frequencyband of the first uplink) of the first cell does not support the networkslice and/or the wireless device may determine to not select/use thefirst uplink of first cell for a random access procedure via the firstcell. The wireless device may determine, based on the frequency rangesindicated in the one or more SIBs, that a second uplink (e.g., a portionor all of frequency band of the second uplink) of the first cellsupports the network slice and/or the wireless device may determine toselect/use the second uplink of first cell for a random access procedurevia the first cell.

One or more SIBs (e.g., the SIB and/or the SIB 1) may indicate the atleast one first network slice that the first uplink of the first cellsupports and/or the at least one second network slice that the seconduplink supports. A wireless device may receive the one or more SIBs. Thewireless device may determine whether the at least one first networkslice comprises the network slice and/or whether the at least one secondnetwork slice comprises the network slice. The wireless device maydetermine whether to select/use the first uplink of the first cell, forexample, based on the at least one first network slice of the firstuplink and/or based on the at least one second network slice of thesecond uplink. The wireless device may determine to not select/use thefirst uplink of the first cell, for example, based on the at least onefirst network slice of the first uplink not comprising the network sliceand/or the received power of the first cell being is greater than orequal to the power threshold. The wireless device may determine toselect/use the second uplink of the first cell, for example, based onthe at least one second network slice of the second uplink comprisingthe network slice and/or the received power of the first cell beingrelater than or equal to the power threshold.

A wireless device may send a random access preamble via a second uplinkof a cell for a random access to the cell, for example, if a receivedpower of the first cell is greater than or equal to a power threshold.The wireless device may perform, via the second uplink and/or the firstcell, the random access procedure comprising sending a random accesspreamble via the second uplink of the first cell. The wireless devicemay send (e.g., transmit) and/or receive transport blocks (e.g.,packets) associated with the network slice via the second uplink basedon the random access procedure (e.g., during or after a random accessprocedure).

A wireless device may select (or may not select) a cell and/or an uplinkof the cell based on one or more network slices for the wireless deviceto use (e.g., that may be required for wireless communications by thewireless device). The wireless device may determine, to communicatepackets associated with a network slice. The network slice may berestricted to one or more frequencies (and/or frequency range(s)). Thewireless device may receive a system information block of a first cell.The system information block may comprise a power threshold (e.g., powervalue, RSRP threshold, RSRQ threshold, etc.) for selection between afirst uplink uplink (e.g., an NUL) and a second uplink (e.g., an SUL).The wireless device may perform a random access procedure via a secondcell based on at least one of: a received power of the first cell beingequal to or less than the power threshold; and/or at least a portion ofthe second uplink of the first cell not being within the frequencyrange.

FIG. 22 shows an example method for cell selection. At step 2210, awireless device may determine a state and/or determine to transition toa state. The wireless device may enter the state (e.g., RRC idle stateor RRC inactive state). At step 2215, the wireless device may determinewhether to communicate packets associated with a network slice. Forexample, the wireless device may determine to communicate informationfor a service that may require use of a network slice (e.g., for eMBB,URLLC, and/or any type of communication service). At step 2220, thewireless device may measure a first cell which comprises a first uplink(e.g. NUL) and at least a second uplink (e.g., SUL). The measurementsmay comprise, for example, measuring signal levels (e.g., referencesignal levels) from a serving cell and/or neighboring cell(s) and/orreporting such measurements to a base station serving the wirelessdevice. At step 2225, the wireless device may determine whether firstcell selection criteria has been satisfied. The first cell selectioncriteria may comprise, for example, one or more of: whether there is noother higher priory cell/carrier/frequency; whether the first cell doesnot belong to a restricted area (e.g., cell black list, tracking areablack list, frequency black list, etc.); whether the first cell belongsto allowed PLMN(s); and/or whether the wireless device has a permissionto access the first cell (e.g., if the first cell is a CSG and/or a CAG,the wireless device needs a permission to access, etc.). A step 2230,the wireless device may determine whether a received power of the firstcell satisfies (e.g., is equal to or is greater than) the power valuefor selection between the first uplink or the second uplink. If thewireless device determines (e.g., “Yes” path) that the received power ofthe first cell satisfies (e.g., is equal to or greater than) the powervalue for selection of the first uplink or the second uplink, then thewireless device may proceed to step 2235A. If the wireless devicedetermines (e.g., “No” path) that the received power of the first celldoes not satisfy (e.g., is less than) the power value for selection ofthe first uplink or the second uplink, the wireless device proceed tostep 2235B.

At step 2235A, the wireless device may determine whether the networkslice supports the frequency of the first uplink. If the wirelessdetermines that the network slice does not support the frequency of thefirst uplink, the wireless device may proceed to step 2235B. If thewireless device determines that the received power of the first celldoes not satisfy (e.g., is less than) the power value of the firstuplink or the second uplink, the wireless device may proceed to step2235B. At step 2235B the wireless device may determine whether thenetwork slice supports the frequency of the second uplink. If thewireless device determines (e.g., “Yes” path) that the network slicesupports the frequency of the first uplink, or that the network slicesupports the frequency of the second uplink, then at step 2240A, thewireless device may select the first cell. At step 2240B, if thewireless determines (e.g., “No” path) that the network slice does notsupport the frequency of the second uplink, the wireless device may notselect the first cell. At step 2245A, the wireless device may perform arandom access procedure via the first cell (e.g., after selecting thefirst cell). At step 2245B, the wireless device may perform a randomaccess procedure via a different cell that may comprise an uplink usinga frequency that supports the network slice. For example, step 2245B maycomprise returning to one or more of steps 2210, 2215, 2225, and/or2235B to determine a cell for selection that comprises an uplink using afrequency that supports the network slice. Any of the steps of FIG. 22may be repeated, performed in any other order, and/or performed for anyquantity of cells, communication links (e.g., uplink(s), downlink(s),uplink(s)/downlink(s), NUL(s), SUL(s), etc.), network slices,frequencies, and/or frequency ranges.

A base station may receive/send communications from/to the wirelessdevice associated with any of the steps of FIG. 22. For example, a basestation may receive communications from the wireless device reporting aselection (e.g., selection history and/or prior decisions made by thewireless device). The wireless device may provide an indication to thebase station that the wireless device either selected, or did notselect, one or more cells, for example, based on one or more of: areceived power/quality, a power threshold relationship, a networkcondition, throughput, quality of service conditions, and or the like.

Performing a random access procedure via at least a second cell may bebased on a cell selection criterion being fulfilled/satisfied for thefirst cell. The cell selection criterion may be based on at least thereceived power of the first cell. Performing a random access procedurevia the second cell may be based on a cell selection criterion beingfulfilled/satisfied for the second cell. A wireless device may notselect the first cell, to use (e.g., camp on), based on: the receivedpower of the first cell being equal to or less than the power threshold;and/or at least a portion of a link (e.g., an SUL) not being within afrequency range. The wireless device not selecting the first cell may bebased on a cell selection criterion being fulfilled/satisfied for thefirst cell. The wireless device may deprioritize the first cell, to use(e.g., camp on). Deprioritizing the first cell may be based on: thereceived power of the first cell being equal to or less than the powerthreshold; and/or at least a portion of the link (e.g., SUL) not beingwithin the frequency range. The deprioritizing may comprise applying anegative weight value for selecting the first cell.

A portion of a link (e.g., an NUL, an SUL, etc.) may comprise at leastone of: any frequency portion of the link; or all frequency portions ofthe link. The received power of the first cell being equal to or lessthan the power threshold may indicate selection of the link (e.g., SUL)for uplink transmissions via the first cell. The network slice maysupport a frequency of a second cell. At least a portion of the secondcell may be within the frequency range. The wireless device may send(e.g., transmit) transport blocks associated with the network slice viathe second cell. The wireless device may receive, from a base station(e.g., a core network node, a network, etc.), parameters indicating thefrequency range for the network slice. The wireless device may be in anRRC idle state or in an RRC inactive state.

Determining to communicate the packets associated with the network slicemay comprise at least one of: determining to start a service associatedwith the network slice; receiving, by a lower layer of a wireless devicefrom a higher layer of the wireless device, an indication of initiationof a service/session associated with the network slice; receiving, bythe wireless device, a paging message (e.g., indicating at least one of:the network slice; the frequency range; a list of carrier/cellassociated with the frequency range and/or the network slice; and/or thelike); and/or the like. The wireless device may use (e.g., camp on) thefirst cell for wireless communications. The wireless device maydetermine to perform a cell reselection based on: determining tocommunicate the packets associated with the network slice; the receivedpower of the first cell being equal to or less than the power threshold;at least a portion of a link (e.g., an SUL) not being within thefrequency range; and/or the like. Performing the random access procedurevia the second cell may be based on the cell reselection.

A system information block may comprise a carrier frequency range of atleast one of: the first cell; a downlink of the first cell; the normaluplink of the first cell; the supplementary uplink of the second cell;and/or the like. A wireless device may receive a system informationblock of a first cell. The system information block may comprise a powerthreshold for selection between a normal uplink and a supplementaryuplink. The wireless device may perform a random access procedure via asecond cell based on: a received power of the first cell satisfying(e.g., being equal to or less than) the power threshold; and/or at leasta portion of the supplementary uplink not being within a frequency rangeto which a network slice may be restricted.

A wireless device may receive a system information block of a cell. Thesystem information block may comprise a power threshold for selectionbetween a first uplink (e.g. normal uplink, uplink, etc.) and at least asecond uplink (e.g., supplementary uplink). The wireless device may beconfigured to select the first uplink if a received power of the cellsatisfied (e.g., is equal to or greater than) the power threshold. Thewireless device may determine to communicate packets associated with anetwork slice. The wireless device may select a second uplink when areceived power of the cell satisfies (e.g., is equal to or greater than)the power value, based on the network slice not supporting a frequencyof the first uplink. The wireless device may send a random accesspreamble via the second uplink of the cell.

A wireless device may ignore a power threshold if selecting a seconduplink, for example, based on a network slice not supporting a frequencyof a first uplink. The wireless device may perform, via the cell, arandom access procedure comprising sending a random access preamble viathe second uplink of the cell. The wireless device may send (e.g.,transmit) transport blocks associated with the network slice via thesecond uplink based on the random access procedure (e.g., during therandom access procedure and/or after a successful random accessprocedure). The first uplink may be a normal uplink (or any other typeof communication link). The second uplink may be a supplementary uplink(or any other type of communication link). Selecting the second uplinkmay be based on the second uplink supporting the network slice.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, parametersindicating a frequency range for a network slice. At least a portion ofa second uplink may be within the frequency range to which the networkslice may be restricted. At least a portion of the first uplink may notbe within a frequency range for the network slice. The wireless devicemay select the second uplink, for example, based on at least a portionof the second uplink being within the frequency range and/or at least aportion of the first uplink not being within the frequency range. Thewireless device may be in an RRC idle state or in an RRC inactive state.

FIG. 23 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device. Awireless device 2310 may be in an RRC connected state. The wirelessdevice 2310 may have an RRC connection with a base station 2305. The RRCconnection may be via one or more cells (e.g., cell1 and/or cell2). Theone or more cells (and/or a frequency band of the one or more cells) maysupport one or more network slices and/or may not support at least somenetwork slices. One or more uplinks (e.g., NUL, SUL, any otheruplink(s)) of the one or more cells (e.g., and/or a frequency band ofthe one or more uplinks of the one or more cells) may support one ormore network slices and/or may not support at least some network slices.One or more uplinks of the one or more cells may support one or morefrequencies. The one or more frequencies may support one or more networkslices of one or more logical channels. The wireless device 2310 maylocated within one or more coverage areas/regions, such as three regionsshown as 2315, 2320, and/or 2325. A first area/region (e.g., 2315) mayprovide coverage for a first cell's first uplink (e.g., cell1's NULusing frequency1). A second area/region (e.g., 2320) may providecoverage for a second cell's uplink (e.g., cell2 using frequency3). Athird area/region (e.g., 2325) may provide coverage (e.g., an extendedcoverage) for the first cell's second uplink (e.g., cell1's SUL usingfrequency2). The third area/region (e.g., 2325) may not support anetwork slice of a logical channel (e.g., network slice1 of logicalchannel 1) (shown in a dotted line). The first area/region (e.g., 2315)and/or at least a second region/area (e.g., 2320) may support afrequency (and/or frequencies) that may support one or more networkslices (e.g., network slice1) of one or more logical channels (e.g.,logical channel1). At least a third region (e.g., 2325) may not supportat least one network slice (e.g., network slice1) of a logical channel(e.g., logical channel1). The base station 2305 may send (e.g. transmit)(e.g., at step 2330), to the wireless device 2310, one or moreparameters indicating one or more uplinks (e.g., NUL(s) and/or SUL(s))of one or more cells that may be configured to use one or more logicalchannels (e.g., logical channel1). The one or more parameters maycomprise a power threshold. The wireless device 2310 may use resourcesthat the base station 2330 may assign, for example, regardless of apower threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 2310may select an SUL or an NUL (e.g., and/or corresponding resources),based on a power threshold (e.g., if the wireless device 2310 is in RRCidle state or RRC inactive state). For example, the wireless device 2310may determine a received power from the base station 2330. The wirelessdevice 2310 may perform one or more procedures to determine whether thereceived power satisfies the power threshold (e.g., such as describedwith respect to step 2035 of FIG. 20). The wireless device 2310 may send(e.g., transmit) (e.g., at step 2340), to the base station 2305, one ormore transport blocks (e.g., packets) associated with a logical channel(e.g., logical channel1) via any uplink using a frequency supporting thenetwork slice of the logical channel (e.g., cell1's NUL using frequency1or cell2 using frequency3). The wireless device may not send the one ormore transport blocks associated with the logical channel via any uplinkusing a frequency that does not support the network slice of the logicalchannel (e.g., cell1's SUL). The wireless device 2310 may have multiplecommunication links available for the network slice. The base station2305 may provide a list of cells, links (e.g., NUL(s), SUL(s), and/orany other links), and/or network slices for a particularfrequency/frequencies (and/or frequency range(s)) for one or morelogical channels that the wireless device 2310 may access. Any quantityof cells may be provided. Each cell, of one or more cells, may compriseany quantity of coverage areas/regions. Each coverage area/region may beassociated with one or more links (e.g., uplink(s), downlink(s),uplink(s)/downlink(s)). Any link of the one or more links may compriseany type of link (e.g., an NUL, an SUL, and/or any other uplink,downlink, and/or uplink/downlink).

One or more uplink configurations may be used for one or more logicalchannels associated with one or more network slices. A wireless devicemay receive at least one RRC message (e.g., the parameters indicatingNUL or SUL of cell(s) allowed to use for logical channel1) comprising:first configuration parameters indicating a cell (e.g., cell1)comprising a first uplink (e.g., normal uplink) and a second uplink(e.g., supplementary uplink); and/or second configuration parameters ofa logical channel (e.g., logical channel1). The logical channel may befor a network slice. The second configuration parameters may indicatewhether the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink of the celland/or whether the logical channel is mapped to the second uplink of thecell. The wireless device may receive an uplink grant indicating a radioresource of the first uplink. The wireless device may send (e.g.,transmit) at least one transport block of the logical channel via theradio resource, based on the second configuration parameter indicatingthat the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink (e.g., thelogical channel is allowed to use the first uplink).

The wireless device may receive at least one RRC message (e.g., theparameters indicating NUL or SUL of cell(s) allowed to use for logicalchannel1) comprising: first configuration parameters indicating the cellcomprising the first uplink (e.g., normal uplink) and the second uplink(e.g., supplementary uplink); and/or second configuration parameters ofa logical channel (e.g., logical channel1). The at least one RRC messagemay comprise at least one of: an RRC reconfiguration message, an RRCestablishment message, an RRC reestablishment message, an RRC resumemessage, a handover command message, and/or the like. The wirelessdevice may be in an RRC connected state. The receiving the at least oneRRC message may be based on the wireless device being in the RRCconnected state.

The first configuration parameters (e.g., CellGroupConfig,ServingCellConfigCommon, ServingCellConfig, ServCellIndex, UplinkConfig,etc.) may comprise configuration parameters of the first uplink and/orthe second uplink of the first cell. The first configuration parametersmay comprise configuration parameters of a second cell and/or one ormore uplink of the second cell. The configuration parameters of thefirst uplink and/or the second uplink of the first cell, the first cell,and/or the second uplink may comprise at least one of: a cell index, anuplink index, bandwidth part configuration parameters, frequencyinformation, bandwidth information, PUCCH/PUSCH configurationparameters, power configuration parameters, and/or the like.

The second configuration parameters (e.g., LogicalChannelConfig,allowedServingCells, allowedUplinks, etc.) may indicate whether thelogical channel (e.g., and/or logical channel group comprising thelogical channel) is mapped to (e.g., allowed to use) the first uplink ofthe cell and/or whether the logical channel (e.g., and/or logicalchannel group comprising the logical channel) is mapped to (e.g.,allowed to use) the second uplink of the cell. The second configurationparameters may comprise at least one of: a bucket size duration, aconfigured grant allowed indication, logical channel priorityinformation, scheduling request identifier, SDAP/PDCP/RLC/MACconfiguration parameters of the logical channel (e.g., the logicalchannel group, radio bearer, one or more QoS flows, PDU session, etc.),and/or the like. The second configuration parameters may indicate thatthe logical channel is for the network slice. The second configurationparameters may indicate that the logical channel is for a radio bearerof one or more QoS flows. The second configuration parameters mayindicate that the one or more QoS flows are mapped to a PDU session forthe network slice.

The second configuration parameters (e.g., LogicalChannelConfig) mayindicate whether the logical channel is mapped to a third uplink of thecell (e.g., allowedServingCells, allowedUplinks, etc.). The secondconfiguration parameters may indicate at least one of: whether thelogical channel is mapped to (e.g., allowed to use) a first bandwidthpart of the cell; whether the logical channel is mapped to (e.g.,allowed to use) a second bandwidth part of the cell; and/or the like.The second configuration parameters may indicate at least one of:whether the logical channel is mapped to (e.g., allowed to use) a firstbeam (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS beam, etc.) of the cell; whether the logicalchannel is mapped to (e.g., allowed to use) a second beam (e.g., SSB,CSI-RS beam, etc.) of the cell; and/or the like.

A wireless device may send, to a base station, at least one RRC responsemessage indicating completion of configuration based on the at least oneRRC message. The at least one RRC response message may comprise at leastone of an RRC reconfiguration complete message, an RRC establishmentcomplete message, an RRC reestablishment complete message, an RRC resumecomplete message, and/or the like.

A wireless device may receive an uplink grant indicating a radioresource of the first uplink of the cell. The wireless device may send(e.g., transmit) a transport block of the logical channel via the radioresource, based on the second configuration parameters indicating thatthe logical channel is mapped to the first uplink (e.g., the logicalchannel is allowed to use the first uplink).

A wireless device may receive a second uplink grant indicating a secondradio resource of the second uplink of the cell. The wireless device maynot send (e.g., transmit) a transport block of the logical channel viathe second radio resource, based on the second configuration parametersindicating that the logical channel is not mapped to the second uplink(e.g., the logical channel is not allowed to use the second uplink). Thewireless device may send (e.g., transmit) a transport block of thelogical channel via the first bandwidth part and/or the first beam basedon the second configuration parameters indicating that the logicalchannel is allowed to use the first bandwidth part and/or the firstbeam. The wireless device may not send (e.g., transmit) a transportblock of the logical channel via the second bandwidth part and/or thesecond beam based on the second configuration parameters indicating thatthe logical channel is not allowed to use the second bandwidth partand/or the second beam. The uplink grant and/or the second uplink grantmay comprise at least one of: a downlink control channel (DCI)indication (e.g., via PDCCH) indicating the radio resource and/or thesecond radio resource; an RRC parameter (e.g., via an RRC message)indicating semi-persistent-scheduling (SPS) resources and/or configuredgrant resources comprising the radio resource and/or the second radioresource; a MAC control element or a DCI indication activating the SPSresources and/or the configured grant resources; and/or the like. Thesecond configuration parameters may indicate that the logical channel isallowed to use the SPS resources and/or the configured grant resources.

FIG. 24 shows an example of cell selection for a wireless device. Awireless device 2410 may determine whether to use an uplinkconfiguration for a logical channel associated with a network slice. Thewireless device 2410 may select which of several logical channels it mayuse as a communication link where such a determination may be based onat least one of: a network condition, a frequency, a network slicerequirement, throughput, latency, quality of service, and/or the like.The base station 2405 may send, to the wireless device 2410, at leastone message 2415 (e.g., RRC message). The at least one message maycomprise a first parameter 2415A indicating that a first logical channel(e.g., logical channel1) is allowed to use a first uplink (e.g., normaluplink) of a first cell (e.g., cell1) and a second cell (e.g., cell2).The at least one RRC message may comprising a second parameter 2415Bindicating that a second logical channel (e.g., logical channel2) isallowed to use a second uplink (e.g., supplementary uplink) of the firstcell (e.g., cell1). The at least one RRC message may comprise a thirdparameter 2415C indicating that a third logical channel (e.g., logicalchannel3) is allowed to use the first uplink (e.g., normal uplink) ofthe first cell (e.g., cell1), the second uplink (e.g., supplementaryuplink) of the first cell (e.g., cell1), and the second cell (e.g.,cell2). The at least one message 2415 may comprise any quantity ofparameters, one or more of which may indicate that quantity of logicalchannels that may be allowed to use fro any quantity of communicationlinks (e.g., uplinks, downlinks, uplink/downlink, etc.). The wirelessdevice 2410 may receive an uplink grant indicating a radio resource. Thewireless device may send (e.g., transmit) a transport block 2420associated with the first logical channel and/or the third logicalchannel via the radio resource, for example, if the radio resourceindicated by the uplink grant is associated with the first uplink 2415A(e.g., the normal uplink) of the first cell. The wireless device 2410may send (e.g., transmit) a transport block 2425 associated with thesecond logical channel and/or the third logical channel via the radioresource, for example, if the radio resource indicated by the uplinkgrant is associated with the second uplink 2415B (e.g., thesupplementary uplink) of the first cell. The wireless device may send(e.g., transmit) a transport block 2430 associated with the firstlogical channel and/or the third logical channel via the radio resource,for example, if the radio resource indicated by the uplink grant isassociated with the second cell. The uplink grant may comprise at leastone of: DCI (e.g., via PDCCH) indicating the radio resource; an RRCparameter indicating semi-persistent-scheduling (SPS) resources and/orconfigured grant resources comprising the radio resource; a MAC controlelement or DCI indication activating the SPS resources and/or theconfigured grant resources; and/or the like.

A wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel. The configuration parameters of the logical channel mayindicate: whether the logical channel is mapped to a first uplink of acell; whether the logical channel is mapped to a second uplink of thecell; and/or whether the logical channel is mapped to any other link ofa cell. The wireless device may receive an uplink grant indicating aradio resource of the first uplink. The wireless device may send (e.g.,transmit) at least one transport block of the logical channel via theradio resource, based on the second configuration parameter indicatingthat the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink. Theconfiguration parameters may comprise one or more indication (e.g.,explicit indications) of one or more cells and/or one or more uplinks ofthe one or more cells that may be mapped to the logical channel. Thelogical channel may be a logical channel group comprising one or morelogical channels.

A wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel. The configuration parameters may indicate that the logicalchannel is mapped to one or more of a first uplink of a cell and asecond uplink of the cell. The wireless device may receive an uplinkgrant indicating a radio resource of the first uplink. The wirelessdevice may send (e.g., transmit) at least one transport block of thelogical channel via the radio resource, based on the configurationparameter indicating that the logical channel is mapped to the firstuplink.

A wireless device may receive at least one radio resource controlmessage comprising configuration parameters of a logical channel. Theconfiguration parameters may indicate at least one of a first uplink ofa cell or a second uplink of the cell that is allowed to be used for(e.g., that may be mapped to) the logical channel. The wireless devicemay receive an uplink grant indicating a radio resource of the at leastone of the first uplink or the second uplink. The wireless device maysend (e.g., transmit) at least one transport block of the logicalchannel via the radio resource based on: the at least one radio resourcecontrol message; and/or the radio resource being of the at least one ofthe first uplink or the second uplink.

A base station may receive at least one message indicating: a networkslice associated with a session of a wireless device; and a frequencyrange that is restricted to the network slice. The base station maysend, to the wireless device and based on the at least one message, atleast one radio resource control message. The radio resource controlmessage may comprise: first configuration parameters indicating a cellcomprising a first uplink and a second uplink; and/or secondconfiguration parameters of a logical channel associated with thesession. The second configuration parameters may indicate: whether thelogical channel is mapped to the first uplink of the cell; and/orwhether the logical channel is mapped to the second uplink of the cell.The base station may send, to the wireless device, an uplink grantindicating a radio resource of the first uplink. The base station mayreceive, from the wireless device, a transport block of the logicalchannel via the radio resource, based on the second configurationparameter indicating that the logical channel is mapped to the firstuplink.

FIG. 25 shows an example method for cell selection. The method may beperformed by a wireless device and/or any other device (e.g., a basestation). A wireless device may receive an uplink configuration for alogical channel associated with a network slice and sends (e.g.,transmits) transport blocks based on the uplink configuration. At step2510, the wireless device may receive configuration parameters for afirst logical channel indicating at least one of: a first uplink (e.g.,NUL), or a second uplink (e.g., SUL) of the cell, wherein the at leastone of the first uplink or the second uplink is allowed to use the firstlogical channel. At step 2515, the wireless device may receive an uplinkgrant indicating radio resource of the cell. At step 2520, the wirelessdevice may determine whether the radio resource is associated with thefirst uplink (e.g., NUL) and/or with the second uplink (e.g., SUL). Ifthe wireless device determines that the radio resource is associatedwith the first uplink, the wireless device station may proceed to step2530A. If the wireless device determines that the radio resource is notassociated with the first uplink (and/or is associated with the seconduplink), the wireless device may proceed to step 2530B. If the wirelessdevice determines that the first uplink (e.g., NUL) is allowed to usethe first logical channel, then the wireless device may proceed to step2535A. At step 2535A, the wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), viathe radio resource, the transport block(s) of the first logical channel.If the wireless device determine that either the first uplink (e.g.,NUL) is not allowed to use the logical channel, or that the seconduplink (e.g., SUL) is not allowed to use the logical channel, at step2535B the wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), via the radioresource, the transport block(s) of a second logical channel that isallowed to use the radio resource. The wireless device, based on priordecision steps, may determine the second logical channel (e.g., adifferent channel) based on any of the prior decision steps oradditional selection criteria. Any of steps 2520, 2530A/2530B, and/or2535A/2535B may be repeated or duplicated, for example, for each of anyquantity of communication links (e.g., uplink, downlink,uplink/downlink, etc.), any quantity of logical channels, and/or anyquantity of radio resources.

A base station may send, to a wireless device, an uplink configurationfor a logical channel associated with a network slice and receivestransport blocks based on the uplink configuration. A wireless devicemay receive at least one RRC message comprising: first configurationparameters indicating a cell comprising a first uplink and a seconduplink; and second configuration parameters of a logical channel. Thesecond configuration parameters may indicate whether the logical channelis mapped to the first uplink of the cell and whether the logicalchannel is mapped to the second uplink of the cell. The wireless devicemay receive an uplink grant indicating a radio resource of the firstuplink. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) at least onetransport block of the logical channel via the radio resource, based onthe second configuration parameter indicating that the logical channelis mapped to the first uplink (e.g., the logical channel is allowed touse the first uplink). The wireless device may receive a second uplinkgrant indicating a second radio resource of the second uplink. Thewireless device may not send (e.g., transmit) at least one transportblock of the logical channel via the second radio resource, based on thesecond configuration parameter indicating that the logical channel isnot mapped to the second uplink (e.g., the logical channel is notallowed to use the second uplink).

The second configuration parameters may indicate whether the logicalchannel is mapped to a third uplink of the cell. The secondconfiguration parameters may indicate at least one of: whether thelogical channel is mapped to a first bandwidth part of the cell; whetherthe logical channel is mapped to a second bandwidth part of the cell;and/or the like. The second configuration parameters may indicate atleast one of: whether the logical channel is mapped to a first beam ofthe cell; whether the logical channel is mapped to a second beam of thecell; and/or the like.

The wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel indicating: whether the logical channel is mapped to a firstuplink of a cell; and whether the logical channel is mapped to a seconduplink of the cell. The wireless device may receive an uplink grantindicating a radio resource of the first uplink. The wireless device maysend (e.g., transmit) a transport block of the logical channel via theradio resource, based on the second configuration parameter indicatingthat the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink. Theconfiguration parameters may comprise one or more explicit indicationsof one or more cells and/or one or more uplinks of the one or more cellsthat are mapped to the logical channel. The logical channel may be alogical channel group comprising one or more logical channels.

A wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel. The configuration parameters may indicate that the logicalchannel is mapped to one or more of a first uplink of a cell and asecond uplink of the cell. The wireless device may receive an uplinkgrant indicating a radio resource of the first uplink. The wirelessdevice may send (e.g., transmit) a transport block of the logicalchannel via the radio resource, based on the configuration parameterindicating that the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink.

A wireless device may receive at least one radio resource controlmessage comprising configuration parameters of a logical channel. Theconfiguration parameters may indicate at least one of a first uplink ofa cell or a second uplink of the cell that is allowed to use for (bemapped to) the logical channel. The wireless device may receive anuplink grant indicating a radio resource of the at least one of thefirst uplink or the second uplink. The wireless device may send (e.g.,transmit) a transport block of the logical channel via the radioresource based on: the at least one radio resource control message; andthe radio resource being of the at least one of the first uplink or thesecond uplink.

FIG. 26 shows an example method for cell selection. The method may beperformed by a base station and/or any other device (e.g., a basestation). A base station may send, to a wireless device, an uplinkconfiguration for a logical channel associated with a network slice andreceives transport blocks based on the uplink configuration. At step2610, a base station may receive session parameters for a packet flow(e.g., a PDU session, a QoS flow, etc.) of wireless device. The sessionparameters may indicate that the packet flow is associated with at leastone network slice and/or that the at least one network slice isrestricted to a particular frequency (and/or frequency range). At step2615, the base station may determine whether to configure a firstlogical channel (e.g. a bearer) associated with the packet flow to useat least one of first uplink (e.g., NUL) of a cell, or a second uplink(e.g. SUL) of the cell, for example, based on the parameters and/orbased on frequencies of the first uplink and the second uplink. At step2620, the base station may send, to the wireless device, configurationparameters for the first logical channel indicating the at least one of:the first uplink of the cell, and/or the second uplink of the cell. Atstep 2625, the base station may send, to the wireless device, an uplinkgrant indicating radio resource of the cell. At step 2630, the basestation may determine whether the radio resource is associated with thefirst uplink. If the base station determines that the radio resource isassociated with the first uplink, the base station may proceed to step2635A. If the base station determines that the radio resource is notassociated with the first uplink (and/or is associated with the seconduplink), the base station may proceed to step 2635B. At step 2635A, thebase station may determine whether the first uplink may be allowed touse the first logical channel. At step 2635B, the base station maydetermine whether the second uplink may be allowed to use the firstlogical channel. If the base station determines that the first uplink(e.g., NUL) or the second uplink (e.g., SUL) may use the first logicalchannel, then the base station may proceed to step 2640A. At step 2640A,the base station may receive, via the radio resource, at least onetransport block of the first logical channel. If the base stationdetermines that neither the first uplink nor the second uplink may beallowed to use the first logical channel, then the base station mayreceive (e.g., at step 2640B), via the radio resource, at least onetransport block of a second logical channel that is allowed to use theradio resource. Any of steps 2615, 2620, 2625, 2630, 2635A/2635B, and/or2640A/2640B may be repeated or duplicated, for example, for each of anyquantity of communication links (e.g., uplink, downlink,uplink/downlink, etc.), any quantity of logical channels, and/or anyquantity of radio resources.

A base station may receive at least one message indicating: a networkslice associated with a session of a wireless device; and/or a frequency(and/or a frequency range) to which the network slice may be restricted.The base station may send (e.g., transmit), to the wireless device andbased on the at least one message, at least one radio resource controlmessage comprising: first configuration parameters indicating a cellcomprising a first uplink and a second uplink; and second configurationparameters of a logical channel associated with the session. The secondconfiguration parameters may indicate: whether the logical channel ismapped to the first uplink of the cell; and/or whether the logicalchannel is mapped to the second uplink of the cell. The base station maysend, to the wireless device, an uplink grant indicating a radioresource of the first uplink. The base station may receive, from thewireless device, a transport block of the logical channel via the radioresource, based on the second configuration parameter indicating thatthe logical channel is mapped to the first uplink.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive a power threshold for selection of acell comprising a normal uplink and a supplementary uplink. The wirelessdevice may receive the power threshold for selection of the cell forcommunications using a network slice. The wireless device may determinethe cell for random access (e.g., a random access procedure).Determining the cell for the random access may be based on one or moreof: a received power associated with the cell satisfying the powerthreshold; the normal uplink of the cell not operating within afrequency of the network slice. The wireless device may determine thecell for the random access based on the supplementary uplink of the celloperating within the frequency range of the network slice. The wirelessdevice may perform a method that further comprises sending, via thesupplementary uplink of the cell, at least one message associated withthe random access (e.g., at least one message comprising a random accesspreamble). The wireless device may determine the cell for the randomaccess by determining the cell from among a plurality of cellscomprising a first cell and a second cell, wherein the second cellcomprises the supplementary uplink, and

wherein a received power associated with the first cell does not satisfythe power threshold. The wireless device may determine to communicateone or more packets associated with the network slice; and/or send, viathe supplementary uplink of the cell, the one or more packets associatedwith the network slice: in a message comprising the random accesspreamble; or after receiving a random access response to the randomaccess preamble. The wireless device may receive the power thresholdbased on a received power of the cell satisfying an initial powerthreshold, and/or wherein receiving the power threshold may furthercomprise receiving a system information block, of the cell, thatcomprises the power threshold. The received power satisfying the powerthreshold may comprise the received power being greater than or equal tothe power threshold. The wireless device may deprioritize a second cellbased on at least a portion of a supplementary uplink of the second cellnot operating within the frequency range of the network slice. Thewireless device may further receive at least one parameter indicating atleast one of: the frequency range of the network slice; a frequencyrange of the normal uplink; or a frequency range of the supplementaryuplink. The wireless device determining the cell for the random accessmay further comprise at least one of: determining to start a serviceassociated with the network slice; receiving, by a lower layer of thewireless device from a higher layer of the wireless device, anindication to initiate a service associated with the network slice; orreceiving a paging message indicating at least one of: the networkslice; the frequency range of the network slice; or a listing of cellsassociated with the network slice or operating within the frequencyrange of the network slice. The wireless device may receive: a logicalchannel identifier of a logical channel associated with the networkslice; and/or a parameter indicating that the logical channel isassociated with the frequency range to which a network slice for thewireless device is restricted. Based on a received power associated withthe second cell being less than the received power associated with thecell, the wireless device may deprioritize a second cell. The wirelessdevice may further determine that the cell for the random accessprocedure may be based on the supplementary uplink of the cellsupporting at least one of: a subcarrier spacing that supports thenetwork slice; or a transmission time interval that supports the networkslice. The wireless device may be in a radio resource control idle stateor in a radio resource control inactive state when the wireless devicereceives the power threshold. A wireless device may comprise one or moreprocessors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by theone or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method. A system may comprise a wireless device configured toperform the described method; and a base station configured to receivethe at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble). Acomputer-readable medium may store instructions that, when executed,cause performance of the described method.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive a power threshold for selection of acell comprising a normal uplink and a supplementary uplink. The wirelessdevice may determine to use the cell for random access (e.g., a randomaccess procedure). The wireless device determining the cell for randomaccess may be based on one or more of: a received power associated withthe cell satisfying the power threshold; at least one of the normaluplink of the cell, or the supplementary uplink of the cell operatingwithin a frequency range of the network. The wireless device may send atleast one message associated with the random access (e.g., at least onemessage comprising a random access preamble) via the supplementaryuplink of the cell. The wireless device may determine to communicate oneor more packets associated with the network slice; and/or send, via thesupplementary uplink of the cell, the one or more packets associatedwith the network slice. The wireless device may send the one or morepackets in a message comprising a random access preamble; or afterreceiving a random access response. The wireless device may deprioritizea second cell based on at least a portion of a supplementary uplink ofthe second cell not operating within the frequency range of the networkslice. The wireless device may determine to start a service associatedwith the network slice. The wireless device may receive, by a lowerlayer of the wireless device from a higher layer of the wireless device,an indication to initiate a service associated with the network slice;and/or receiving a paging message. The paging message may indicate atleast one of: the network slice; the frequency range of the networkslice; or cells operating within the frequency range of the networkslice. The wireless device may receive: a logical channel identifier ofa logical channel associated with the network slice; and/or a parameterindicating that the logical channel is associated with the frequencyrange to which a network slice for the wireless device is restricted. Awireless device may comprise one or more processors; and memory storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, causethe wireless device to perform the described method. A system maycomprise a wireless device configured to perform the described method;and a base station configured to receive the at least one message (e.g.,a random access preamble). A computer-readable medium may storeinstructions that, when executed, cause performance of the describedmethod.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive a power threshold for cell selection.The wireless device may determine to use a cell, from among a pluralityof cells (e.g., from at least a first cell and a second cell), forrandom access (e.g., a random access procedure). Determining the cellmay be based on one or more of: a received power associated with thefirst cell not satisfying the power threshold; a received powerassociated with the second cell satisfying the power threshold; and atleast one uplink of the second cell operating within a frequency rangeof the network slice. Further, the wireless device may send, via thesecond cell, a random access preamble. The wireless device may determineto communicate one or more packets associated with the network slice;and/or send, via the second cell, the one or more packets associatedwith the network slice. The wireless device may send the one or morepackets in a message comprising a random access preamble; or afterreceiving a random access response. The received power associated withthe cell may satisfy the power threshold if the received power isgreater than or equal to the power threshold. The received powerassociated with the cell may not satisfy the power threshold if thereceived power is less than the power threshold. The wireless device mayreceive at least one parameter indicating at least one of: the frequencyrange of the network slice; or at least one uplink of the second celloperating within a frequency range to which a network slice for thewireless device is restricted. The wireless device may receive the powerthreshold which may be based on a received power of the cell satisfyingan initial power threshold. The receiving the power threshold maycomprise receiving a system information block, of the cell, comprisingthe power threshold. The wireless device may receive: a logical channelidentifier of a logical channel associated with the network slice;and/or a parameter indicating that the logical channel is associatedwith the frequency range to which a network slice for the wirelessdevice is restricted. A wireless device may comprise one or moreprocessors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by theone or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method. A system may comprise a wireless device configured toperform the described method; and a base station configured to send therandom access preamble. A computer-readable medium may storeinstructions that, when executed, cause performance of the describedmethod.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may determine to communicate packets associated witha network slice, wherein the network slice is restricted to a frequencyrange. The wireless device may receive, based on a received power of afirst cell being equal to or larger than a first power threshold, asystem information block of the first cell. The system information blockcomprises a second power threshold for selection between a normal uplinkand a supplementary uplink. The wireless device may perform a randomaccess procedure via the first cell, wherein performing the randomaccess procedure may be based on: the received power of the first cellbeing less than or equal to the second power threshold; and at least aportion of the supplementary uplink of the first cell being within thefrequency range. The wireless device operations may further compriseselecting the first cell based on the received power of the first cellbeing greater than or equal to the first power threshold. The wirelessdevice operations may further comprise not selecting a second cell,based on a second supplementary uplink of the second cell not supportingthe network slice. The supplementary uplink of the first cell maysupport a first transmission time interval. The second supplementaryuplink of the second cell does not support the first transmission timeinterval; and the first transmission time interval supports the networkslice. The supplementary uplink of the first cell supports a firstsubcarrier spacing. The second supplementary uplink of the second celldoes not support the first subcarrier spacing; and the first subcarrierspacing supports the network slice. The received power of the first cellmay be less than a second received power of the second cell. Thewireless device operations may further comprise deprioritizing thesecond cell, based on at least a portion of the second supplementaryuplink not being within the frequency range. Deprioritizing the secondcell may be based on the second received power being less than a thirdpower threshold for selection between a second normal uplink of thesecond cell and the second supplementary uplink of the second cell. Theat least a portion of the second supplementary uplink of the second cellmay comprise at least one of: any frequency portion of the secondsupplementary uplink; or all frequency portion of the secondsupplementary uplink. The at least a portion of the supplementary uplinkof the first cell may comprise at least one of: any portion of afrequency range for the second supplementary uplink; or all frequenciesassociated with the second supplementary uplink. Performing the randomaccess procedure may comprise the wireless device: transmitting one ormore preambles; and receiving one or more random access responses to theone or more preambles. The received power of the first cell being lessthan or equal to the second power threshold may indicate selection ofthe supplementary uplink for uplink transmissions via the first cell.The wireless device operations may further comprise transmitting, by thewireless device, transport blocks associated with the network slice viathe first cell. The wireless device operations may further comprisereceiving, from a base station, parameters indicating the frequencyrange for the network slice. The wireless device may be in a radioresource control (RRC) idle state or in an RRC inactive state. Thewireless device may determine to communicate the packets associated withthe network slice. The determining procedure for communicating thepackets associated with the network slice may comprise at least one of:determining to start a service associated with the network slice;receiving, by a lower layer of the wireless device from a higher layerof the wireless device, an indication to initiate a service associatedwith the network slice; or receiving, by the wireless device, a pagingmessage. The paging message may indicate at least one of: the networkslice; the frequency range; or a list of cells associated with thefrequency range or the network slice. The system information block maycomprise a carrier frequency range of at least one of: the first cell; adownlink of the first cell; the normal uplink of the first cell; or thesupplementary uplink of the second cell. The wireless device may receivethe system information block based on cell selection criteria of thefirst cell being satisfied. The wireless device may further receive: alogical channel identifier of a logical channel associated with thenetwork slice; and a parameter indicating that the logical channel isassociated with the frequency range. The wireless device determining tocommunicate the packets may comprise receiving by a lower layer of thewireless device from a higher layer of the wireless device the packetsassociated with the logical channel. A wireless device may comprise oneor more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executedby the one or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method. A system may comprise a wireless device configured toperform the described method; and a base station configured to send thesystem information block of the first cell. A computer-readable mediummay store instructions that, when executed, cause performance of thedescribed method.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device receives a system information block of a cell. Thesystem information block comprises a power threshold for selectionbetween a first uplink and a second uplink, wherein the wireless deviceis configured to select the first uplink based on a received power ofthe cell being greater than or equal to the power threshold. Thewireless device method of operation further comprises determining tocommunicate packets associated with a network slice; and sending, viathe second uplink, a random access preamble. The wireless device sendingthe random access preamble may be based on: the received power of thecell being greater than or equal to the power threshold; and the networkslice not supporting a frequency of the first uplink. The wirelessdevice may ignore the power threshold when selecting the second uplink,based on the network slice not supporting the frequency of the firstuplink. The wireless device method of operation may further comprisetransmitting transport blocks associated with the network slice via thesecond uplink. The first uplink may be a normal uplink; and the seconduplink may be a supplementary uplink. The wireless device may select thesecond uplink based on the second uplink supporting the network slice.The method of operation may further comprise the wireless devicereceiving, from a base station, parameters indicating a frequency rangefor the network slice. A portion of the frequency range for the seconduplink may reside within the frequency range to which the network sliceis restricted. A portion of the frequency range for the first uplink maynot reside within the frequency range for the network slice. Thewireless device may be in a radio resource control (RRC) idle state orin an RRC inactive state. A wireless device may comprise one or moreprocessors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by theone or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform thedescribed method. A system may comprise a wireless device configured toperform the described method; and a base station configured to receivethe random access preamble. A computer-readable medium storinginstructions that, when executed, cause performance of the describedmethod.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operation.The wireless device may receive at least one radio resource controlmessage. The resource control message may comprise first configurationparameters indicating a cell comprising a first uplink and a seconduplink; and second configuration parameters of a logical channel. Thesecond configuration parameters may indicate whether the logical channelis allowed to use the first uplink of the cell; and whether the logicalchannel is allowed to use the second uplink of the cell. The method ofoperation for the wireless device may further comprise receiving anuplink grant indicating a radio resource of the first uplink; andtransmitting, via the radio resource, a transport block of the logicalchannel, wherein the transmitting may be based on the secondconfiguration parameter indicating that the logical channel is mapped tothe first uplink. The method of operation for the wireless device mayfurther comprise receiving a second uplink grant indicating a secondradio resource of the second uplink; and determining not to transmit atransport block of the logical channel via the second radio resource.The wireless device may determine not to transmit the transport blockbased on the second configuration parameter indicating that the logicalchannel is not mapped to the second uplink. The second configurationparameters may indicate at least one of: whether the logical channel ismapped to a first bandwidth part of the cell; or whether the logicalchannel is mapped to a second bandwidth part of the cell. The secondconfiguration parameters may further indicate at least one of: whetherthe logical channel is mapped to a first beam of the cell; or whetherthe logical channel is mapped to a second beam of the cell. The secondconfiguration parameters may further indicate whether the logicalchannel is mapped to a third uplink of the cell. A wireless device maycomprise one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that,when executed by the one or more processors, cause the wireless deviceto perform the described method. A system may comprise a wireless deviceconfigured to perform the described method; and a base stationconfigured to receive the transport block of the logical channel Acomputer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed, causeperformance of the described method.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel indicating: whether the logical channel is mapped to a firstuplink of a cell; and whether the logical channel is mapped to a seconduplink of the cell. The method of operation for the wireless device mayfurther comprise receiving an uplink grant indicating a radio resourceof the first uplink; and transmitting, via the radio resource, atransport block of the logical channel. The wireless device transmittingthe transport block may be based on the second configuration parameterindicating that the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink. Theconfiguration parameters may comprise one or more explicit indicationsof one or more cells and/or one or more uplinks of the one or more cellsthat are mapped to the logical channel. The logical channel may be alogical channel group that comprises one or more logical channels. Awireless device may comprise one or more processors; and memory storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, causethe wireless device to perform the described method. A system maycomprise a wireless device configured to perform the described method;and a base station configured to receive the transport block of thelogical channel A computer-readable medium storing instructions that,when executed, cause performance of the described method.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel indicating that the logical channel is allowed to use one ormore of a first uplink of a cell and a second uplink of the cell. Themethod of operation for the wireless device may further comprisereceiving an uplink grant indicating a radio resource of the firstuplink; and transmitting a transport block of the logical channel, viathe radio resource and based on the configuration parameter indicatingthat the logical channel is mapped to the first uplink. A wirelessdevice may comprise one or more processors; and memory storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, causethe wireless device to perform the described method. A system maycomprise a wireless device configured to perform the described method;and a base station configured to receive the transport block of thelogical channel A computer-readable medium storing instructions that,when executed, cause performance of the described method.

A wireless device may perform a method comprising multiple operations.The wireless device may receive at least one radio resource controlmessage comprising configuration parameters of a logical channel,wherein the configuration parameters indicates at least one of a firstuplink of a cell or a second uplink of the cell that is allowed to usefor the logical channel. The method of operation for the wireless devicemay further comprise receiving an uplink grant indicating a radioresource of the at least one of the first uplink or the second uplink;and transmitting, via the radio resource, a transport block of thelogical channel Transmitting the transport block of the logical channelmay be based on: the at least one radio resource control message; andthe radio resource being of the at least one of the first uplink or thesecond uplink. A wireless device may comprise one or more processors;and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the wireless device to perform the described method. Asystem may comprise a wireless device configured to perform thedescribed method; and a base station configured to receive the transportblock of the logical channel. A computer-readable medium storinginstructions that, when executed, cause performance of the describedmethod.

A base station may perform a method comprising multiple operations. Thebase station may receive at least one message indicating: a networkslice associated with a session of a wireless device; and a frequencyrange to which the network slice is restricted. The method of operationfor the base station may further comprise sending, to the wirelessdevice and based on the at least one message, at least one radioresource control message. The radio resource control message maycomprise: first configuration parameters indicating a cell comprising afirst uplink and a second uplink; and second configuration parameters ofa logical channel associated with the session. The second configurationparameters may indicate: whether the logical channel is mapped to thefirst uplink of the cell; and whether the logical channel is mapped tothe second uplink of the cell. The method of operation for the basestation may further comprise sending, to the wireless device, an uplinkgrant indicating a radio resource of the first uplink; and receiving,from the wireless device and via the radio resource, a transport blockof the logical channel. The base station receiving the transport blockof the logical channel from the wireless device may be based on thesecond configuration parameter indicating that the logical channel ismapped to the first uplink. A base station may comprise one or moreprocessors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by theone or more processors, cause the base station to perform the describedmethod. A system may comprise a base station configured to perform thedescribed method; and a wireless device configured to receive thetransport block of the logical channel A computer-readable mediumstoring instructions that, when executed, cause performance of thedescribed method.

A wireless device may receive at least one radio resource controlmessage. The radio resource message may comprise a first configurationparameter(s) that indicate a cell comprising a first uplink and at leasta second uplink. The radio resource message may comprise secondconfiguration parameters of a logical channel. The second configurationparameters may indicate whether the logical channel is allowed to usethe first uplink of the cell; and/or whether the logical channel isallowed to use the second uplink of the cell. The wireless device mayreceive an uplink grant that indicates a radio resource of the firstuplink. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) at least onetransport block of the logical channel via the radio resource, based onthe second configuration parameter indicating that the logical channelis mapped to the first uplink.

The wireless device may receive a second uplink grant that indicates asecond radio resource of the second uplink. The wireless device maydetermine to not send (e.g., transmit) at least one transport block ofthe logical channel via the second radio resource, based on the secondconfiguration parameter indicating that the logical channel is notmapped to the second uplink. The second configuration parameters mayindicate at least one of: whether the logical channel is mapped to afirst bandwidth part of the cell; and/or whether the logical channel ismapped to a second bandwidth part of the cell. The second configurationparameters may indicate at least one of: whether the logical channel ismapped to a first beam of the cell; and/or whether the logical channelis mapped to a second beam of the cell. The second configurationparameters may indicate whether the logical channel is mapped to a thirduplink of the cell, and/or whether the logical channel is mapped to anyother quantity of links of the cell.

A wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel. The configuration parameters may indicate whether the logicalchannel is mapped to a first uplink of a cell; and/or whether thelogical channel is mapped to a second uplink of the cell. The wirelessdevice may receive an uplink grant that indicates a radio resource ofthe first uplink. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) atransport block of the logical channel via the radio resource based onthe second configuration parameter may indicate that the logical channelis mapped to the first uplink. The configuration parameters may compriseone or more explicit indications of one or more cells and/or one or moreuplinks of the one or more cells that are mapped to the logical channel.The logical channel is a logical channel group that may comprise one ormore logical channels.

A wireless device may receive configuration parameters of a logicalchannel. The configuration parameters may indicate that the logicalchannel is allowed to use one or more of a first uplink of a cell and/ora second uplink of the cell. The wireless device may receive an uplinkgrant that indicates a radio resource of the first uplink. The wirelessdevice may send (e.g., transmit) at least one transport block of thelogical channel via the radio resource, based on the configurationparameter indicating that the logical channel is mapped to the firstuplink.

A wireless device may receive at least one radio resource controlmessage. The radio resource control message may comprise configurationparameters of a logical channel. The configuration parameters mayindicate at least one of a first uplink of a cell or a second uplink ofthe cell that is allowed to use for (e.g., that may be mapped to) thelogical channel. The wireless device may receive an uplink grant thatindicates a radio resource of the at least one of the first uplink orthe second uplink. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) atleast one transport block of the logical channel via the radio resource,based on: the at least one radio resource control message; and/or theradio resource being of the at least one of the first uplink or thesecond uplink.

One or more of the operations described herein may be conditional. Forexample, one or more operations may be performed if certain criteria aremet, such as in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment,a network, a combination of the above, and/or the like. Example criteriamay be based on one or more conditions such as wireless device and/ornetwork node configurations, traffic load, initial system set up, packetsizes, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, and/or thelike. If the one or more criteria are met, various examples may be used.It may be possible to implement any portion of the examples describedherein in any order and based on any condition.

A base station may communicate with one or more of wireless devices.Wireless devices and/or base stations may support multiple technologies,and/or multiple releases of the same technology. Wireless devices mayhave some specific capability(ies) depending on wireless device categoryand/or capability(ies). A base station may comprise multiple sectors,cells, and/or portions of transmission entities. A base stationcommunicating with a plurality of wireless devices may refer to a basestation communicating with a subset of the total wireless devices in acoverage area. Wireless devices referred to herein may correspond to aplurality of wireless devices compatible with a given LTE, 5G, or other3GPP or non-3GPP release with a given capability and in a given sectorof a base station. A plurality of wireless devices may refer to aselected plurality of wireless devices, a subset of total wirelessdevices in a coverage area, and/or any group of wireless devices. Suchdevices may operate, function, and/or perform based on or according todrawings and/or descriptions herein, and/or the like. There may be aplurality of base stations and/or a plurality of wireless devices in acoverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, forexample, because those wireless devices and/or base stations may performbased on older releases of LTE, 5G, or other 3GPP or non-3GPPtechnology.

One or more parameters, fields, and/or information elements (IEs), maycomprise one or more information objects, values, and/or any otherinformation. An information object may comprise one or more otherobjects. At least some (or all) parameters, fields, IEs, and/or the likemay be used and can be interchangeable depending on the context. If ameaning or definition is given, such meaning or definition controls.

One or more elements in examples described herein may be implemented asmodules. A module may be an element that performs a defined functionand/or that has a defined interface to other elements. The modules maybe implemented in hardware, software in combination with hardware,firmware, wetware (e.g., hardware with a biological element) or acombination thereof, all of which may be behaviorally equivalent. Forexample, modules may be implemented as a software routine written in acomputer language configured to be executed by a hardware machine (suchas C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab or the like) or amodeling/simulation program such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, orLab VIEWMathScript. Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible toimplement modules using physical hardware that incorporates discrete orprogrammable analog, digital and/or quantum hardware. Examples ofprogrammable hardware may comprise: computers, microcontrollers,microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs); fieldprogrammable gate arrays (FPGAs); and/or complex programmable logicdevices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers and/or microprocessors maybe programmed using languages such as assembly, C, C++ or the like.FPGAs, ASICs and CPLDs are often programmed using hardware descriptionlanguages (HDL), such as VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) orVerilog, which may configure connections between internal hardwaremodules with lesser functionality on a programmable device. Theabove-mentioned technologies may be used in combination to achieve theresult of a functional module.

One or more features described herein may be implemented in acomputer-usable data and/or computer-executable instructions, such as inone or more program modules, executed by one or more computers or otherdevices. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects,components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks orimplement particular abstract data types when executed by a processor ina computer or other data processing device. The computer executableinstructions may be stored on one or more computer readable media suchas a hard disk, optical disk, removable storage media, solid statememory, RAM, etc. The functionality of the program modules may becombined or distributed as desired. The functionality may be implementedin whole or in part in firmware or hardware equivalents such asintegrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and thelike. Particular data structures may be used to more effectivelyimplement one or more features described herein, and such datastructures are contemplated within the scope of computer executableinstructions and computer-usable data described herein.

A non-transitory tangible computer readable media may compriseinstructions executable by one or more processors configured to causeoperations of multi-carrier communications described herein. An articleof manufacture may comprise a non-transitory tangible computer readablemachine-accessible medium having instructions encoded thereon forenabling programmable hardware to cause a device (e.g., a wirelessdevice, wireless communicator, a wireless device, a base station, andthe like) to allow operation of multi-carrier communications describedherein. The device, or one or more devices such as in a system, mayinclude one or more processors, memory, interfaces, and/or the like.Other examples may comprise communication networks comprising devicessuch as base stations, wireless devices or user equipment (wirelessdevice), servers, switches, antennas, and/or the like. A network maycomprise any wireless technology, including but not limited to,cellular, wireless, WiFi, 4G, 5G, any generation of 3GPP or othercellular standard or recommendation, any non-3GPP network, wirelesslocal area networks, wireless personal area networks, wireless ad hocnetworks, wireless metropolitan area networks, wireless wide areanetworks, global area networks, satellite networks, space networks, andany other network using wireless communications. Any device (e.g., awireless device, a base station, or any other device) or combination ofdevices may be used to perform any combination of one or more of stepsdescribed herein, including, for example, any complementary step orsteps of one or more of the above steps.

Although examples are described above, features and/or steps of thoseexamples may be combined, divided, omitted, rearranged, revised, and/oraugmented in any desired manner Various alterations, modifications, andimprovements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Suchalterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be part ofthis description, though not expressly stated herein, and are intendedto be within the spirit and scope of the descriptions herein.Accordingly, the foregoing description is by way of example only, and isnot limiting.

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a powerthreshold for selection of a cell, comprising a normal uplink and asupplementary uplink, for communications using a network slice;determining to use the cell for random access based on: a received powerassociated with the cell satisfying the power threshold; the normaluplink of the cell not operating within a frequency range of the networkslice; and the supplementary uplink of the cell operating within thefrequency range of the network slice; and sending, via the supplementaryuplink of the cell, at least one message associated with the randomaccess.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining to use thecell for the random access comprises determining the cell from aplurality of cells comprising a first cell and a second cell, whereinthe second cell comprises the supplementary uplink, and wherein areceived power associated with the first cell does not satisfy the powerthreshold.
 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining tocommunicate one or more packets associated with the network slice; andsending, via the supplementary uplink of the cell, the one or morepackets associated with the network slice: in a message comprising arandom access preamble; or after receiving a random access response. 4.The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving the power threshold isbased on a received power of the cell satisfying an initial powerthreshold, and wherein the receiving the power threshold comprisesreceiving a system information block, of the cell, comprising the powerthreshold.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the received powersatisfying the power threshold comprises the received power beinggreater than or equal to the power threshold.
 6. The method of claim 1,further comprising deprioritizing a second cell based on at least aportion of a supplementary uplink of the second cell not operatingwithin the frequency range of the network slice.
 7. The method of claim1, further comprising receiving at least one parameter indicating atleast one of: the frequency range of the network slice; a frequencyrange of the normal uplink; or a frequency range of the supplementaryuplink.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by alower layer of the wireless device from a higher layer of the wirelessdevice, an indication to initiate a service associated with the networkslice; and sending, by the wireless device and using the network slice,at least one packet.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprisingreceiving: a logical channel identifier of a logical channel associatedwith the network slice; and a parameter indicating that the logicalchannel is associated with the frequency range of the network slice. 10.A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a power thresholdfor selection of a cell, comprising a normal uplink and a supplementaryuplink, for communications using a network slice; determining to use thecell for random access based on: a received power associated with thecell satisfying the power threshold; at least one of the normal uplinkof the cell or the supplementary uplink of the cell operating within afrequency range of the network slice; and sending, via the supplementaryuplink of the cell, at least one message associated with the randomaccess.
 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining tocommunicate one or more packets associated with the network slice; andsending, via the supplementary uplink of the cell, the one or morepackets associated with the network slice: in a message comprising arandom access preamble; or after receiving a random access response. 12.The method of claim 10, further comprising deprioritizing a second cellbased on at least a portion of a supplementary uplink of the second cellnot operating within the frequency range of the network slice.
 13. Themethod of claim 10, further comprising: receiving, by a lower layer ofthe wireless device from a higher layer of the wireless device, anindication to initiate a service associated with the network slice; andsending, by the wireless device and using the network slice, at leastone packet.
 14. The method of claim 10, further comprising receiving: alogical channel identifier of a logical channel associated with thenetwork slice; and a parameter indicating that the logical channel isassociated with the frequency range of the network slice.
 15. A methodcomprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a power threshold for cellselection for communications using a network slice; determining to use acell, from among a plurality of cells comprising a first cell and asecond cell, for random access based on: a received power associatedwith the first cell not satisfying the power threshold; a received powerassociated with the second cell satisfying the power threshold; and atleast one uplink of the second cell operating within a frequency rangeof the network slice; and sending, via the second cell, at least onemessage associated with the random access.
 16. The method of claim 15,further comprising: determining to communicate one or more packetsassociated with the network slice; and sending, via the second cell, theone or more packets associated with the network slice: in a messagecomprising a random access preamble; or after receiving a random accessresponse.
 17. The method of claim 15, wherein satisfying the powerthreshold comprises being greater than or equal to the power threshold,and wherein not satisfying the power threshold comprises being less thanthe power threshold.
 18. The method of claim 15, further comprisingreceiving at least one parameter indicating at least one of: thefrequency range of the network slice; or at least one uplink of thesecond cell operating within a frequency range of the network slice. 19.The method of claim 15, wherein the receiving the power threshold isbased on a received power of the cell satisfying an initial powerthreshold, and wherein the receiving the power threshold comprisesreceiving a system information block, of the cell, comprising the powerthreshold.
 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising receiving: alogical channel identifier of a logical channel associated with thenetwork slice; and a parameter indicating that the logical channel isassociated with the frequency range of the network slice.